- Source: Canadian Pavilion
- Source: Canadian pavilion
The Canadian Pavilion at Expo 67 in Montreal featured an inverted pyramid structure as well as a walk through an attraction called the "People Tree." The pavilion had its highest single-day attendance on Canada Day (July 1), 1967.
The pavilion's large inverted pyramid was called Katimavik, which is the Inuit word for "Gathering Place". The pyramid was nine storeys tall and supported by four columns. The building at its base housed a rotating theatre, which used moving wedge-shaped chambers to bring audiences from one screening to the next, making a complete revolution every half-hour. Smaller linked pyramids at ground level housed the exhibits "The Land of Canada," "The Growth of Canada" and "The Challenge to Canadians and Canada and the World." The pavilion was located on a 7½ acre (30,285 sq metre) lot near the southern end of Notre Dame Island. It cost $24 million to build. The inverted pyramid was a 1000-ton structure, with a hollow steel frame. Open to the sky, its four inner sloping walls featured giant sculptures of a sun dial, hour glass, compass and Kyogen and Haida masks.
Design and construction
Expo chief architect Édouard Fiset had initially insisted the Canadian Pavilion be much smaller, confined to a single acre. Architect Rod Robbie felt strongly that Canada's pavilion had to have the largest site on the fair, demanding 11.5 acres. Robbie's vision was ultimately successful thanks to the support of federal minister Mitchell Sharp as well as Canadian Pavilion commissioner H. Leslie Brown.
The inverted pyramid shape of the pavilion came about by chance. Robbie and his team were smokers, and while working with cardboard boxes as models for planned pavilion structures, someone placed a large, green, inverted pyramid-shaped ashtray, amidst the boxes. That became the inspiration for Katimavik.
Architects
The Canadian Pavilion was designed by architects Rod Robbie and Colin Vaughan of the firm Ashworth, Robbie, Vaughan and Williams Architects and Planners, Paul Schoeler of Schoeler, Barkham and Heaton Architects and Planning Consultants, and Matt Stankiewicz of Z. Matthew Stankiewicz Architect, with consulting architects Evans St. Gelais and Arthur Erickson. According to Robbie, his firm was selected over such competitors as John C. Parkin and Arcop.
People Tree
The People Tree in front of the pavilion was composed of images of Canadians printed on orange and red nylon sheets, with the colour representing a maple tree in autumn leaf colour. Sixty feet in height, the People Tree consisted of a thousand such "leaves," with half bearing silk screened images of Canadians at work and play. The tree was accessed via a spiral staircase.
Other structures
To the northeast of the main pavilion, an Arts Centre featured a 500-seat theatre, a displays of art and handicrafts, and a reference library. The theater featured a custom-built Casavant Frères organ, upon which daily free concerts were played by leading Canadian organists including Kenneth Gilbert, Françoise Aubut-Pratte, Hugh McLean, Charles Peaker, H. Hugh Bancroft, Antoine Bouchard, and Raymond Daveluy.
The site also had a Children's Creative Centre, and a restaurant, "La Toundra". The Canadian composer Otto Joachim composed a four-channel electroacoustic music composition that was played throughout the period of Expo 67.
Cuban territory
During the negotiations for the release of James Cross, the Canadian Pavilion was declared an extension of the Cuban consulate in Montreal.
References
The Canadian pavilion houses Canada's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals.
Background
The Venice Biennale is an international art biennial exhibition held in Venice, Italy. Often described as "the Olympics of the art world", participation in the Biennale is a prestigious event for contemporary artists. The festival has become a constellation of shows: a central exhibition curated by that year's artistic director, national pavilions hosted by individual nations, and independent exhibitions throughout Venice. The Biennale parent organization also hosts regular festivals in other arts: architecture, dance, film, music, and theater.
Outside of the central, international exhibition, individual nations produce their own shows, known as pavilions, as their national representation. Nations that own their pavilion buildings, such as the 30 housed on the Giardini, are responsible for their own upkeep and construction costs as well. Nations without dedicated buildings create pavilions in venues throughout the city.
Organization and building
The Canadian pavilion was designed by the Italian architects BBPR and erected between 1956 and 1957. Its architecture is more distinct than the nearby pavilions. Inside, its rooms unfold in a spiral of open and closed spaces.
The nation has been participating in the international exhibition since 1952. The National Gallery of Canada took over the Venice selection process from the Canada Council in 2010.
Representation by year
Since 1952 Canada has been represented at every Venice Biennale.
1952 — Emily Carr, David Milne, Goodridge Roberts, Alfred Pellan
1954 — B C Binning, Paul-Émile Borduas, Jean-Paul Riopelle
1956 — Jack Shadbolt, Louis Archambault, Harold Town
1958 — James Wilson Morrice, Jacques de Tonnancour, Anne Kahane, Jack Nichols
1960 — Edmund Alleyn, Graham Coughtry, Jean Paul Lemieux, Frances Loring, Albert Dumouchel
1962 — Jean-Paul Riopelle
1964 — Harold Town, Elza Mayhew
1966 — Alex Colville, Yves Gaucher, Sorel Etrog
1968 — Ulysse Comtois, Guido Molinari
1970 — Michael Snow
1972 — Gershon Iskowitz, Walter Redinger
1976 — Greg Curnoe
1978 — Ron Martin, Henry Saxe
1980 — Collin Campbell, Pierre Falardeau & Julien Poulin, General Idea, Tom Sherman, Lisa Steele
1982 — Paterson Ewen
1984 — Ian Carr-Harris, Liz Magor
1986 — Melvin Charney, Krzysztof Wodiczko
1988 — Roland Brener, Michel Goulet
1990 — Geneviève Cadieux
1993 — Robin Collyer
1995 — Edward Poitras (curator: Gerald McMaster)
1997 — Rodney Graham (curator: Loretta Yarlow)
1999 — Tom Dean
2001 — Janet Cardiff & George Bures Miller (Curator: Scott Watson)
2003 — Jana Sterbak
2005 — Rebecca Belmore (curators: Jann LM Bailey and Scott Watson)
2007 — David Altmejd (curator: Louise Déry)
2009 — Mark Lewis (curator: Barbara Fischer)
2011 — Steven Shearer (curator: Josée Drouin-Brisebois)
2013 — Shary Boyle (curator: Josée Drouin-Brisebois)
2015 — BGL (curator: Marie Fraser)
2017 — Geoffrey Farmer (curator: Kitty Scott)
2019 — Isuma (curators: Asinnajaq, executive director and chief curator of the Art Gallery of Alberta Catherine Crowston, senior curator of contemporary art at the National Gallery of Canada Josée Drouin-Brisebois, executive director and chief curator Art Museum at the University of Toronto Barbara Fischer and independent curator and writer Candice Hopkins.
2021 — Stan Douglas (curator: Reid Shier)
2024 — Kapwani Kiwanga (curator: Gaëtane Verna)
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
Official website
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- BC Place
- Expo '86
- Fairmont Hotels and Resorts
- Cody Rhodes
- Whitney Houston
- Rem Koolhaas
- The Wanted
- Apink
- Vessel (album)
- Taco Bell
- Canadian Pavilion
- Canada Pavilion at Epcot
- Indians of Canada Pavilion
- Canadian pavilion
- Crown corporation
- Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne
- Expo 67 pavilions
- Aberdeen Pavilion
- Expo 67
- Expo 2010 pavilions
