• Source: Cervical ganglia

The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic nerves from the thoracic spinal cord enter into the cervical ganglions and synapse with its postganglionic fibers or nerves. The cervical ganglion has three paravertebral ganglia:

superior cervical ganglion (largest) – adjacent to C2 & C3; postganglionic axon projects to target: (heart, head, neck) via "hitchhiking" on the carotid arteries
middle cervical ganglion (smallest) – adjacent to C6; target: heart, neck
inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. – adjacent to C7; target: heart, lower neck, arm, posterior cranial arteries
Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things.
Unlike all other ganglia, the medial branches of the cervical ganglia are 95% postganglionic axons.




Additional images











References



Wilson-Pauwels, Linda; Stewart, Patricia A.; Akesson, Elizabeth J. (January 1997). Autonomic Nerves. Canada: B. C. Decker, Inc. pp. 71–104. ISBN 978-1-55009-030-7.




External links


Anatomy photo:31:07-0200 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "The Sympathetic Trunk and Cervical Ganglia"
Nosek, Thomas M. "Section 6/6ch2/s6ch2_30". Essentials of Human Physiology. Archived from the original on 2016-03-24.
http://www.instantanatomy.net/headneck/nerves/autonomic/cervicalgangliaconnections.html
http://www.instantanatomy.net/headneck/nerves/autonomic/cervicalganglianeck.html

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Faktor pertumbuhan saraf
• Cervical ganglia
• Superior cervical ganglion
• Sympathetic ganglia
• Pineal gland
• Inferior cervical ganglion
• Spinal nerve
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Thoracic ganglia
• Sympathetic trunk
• Greater petrosal nerve