• Source: Chief Baron of the Exchequer

The Chief Baron of the Exchequer was the first "baron" (meaning judge) of the English Exchequer of Pleas. "In the absence of both the Treasurer of the Exchequer or First Lord of the Treasury, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer, it was he who presided in the equity court and answered the bar i.e. spoke for the court." Practically speaking, he held the most important office of the Exchequer of Pleas.
The chief baron, along with the three puisne barons, sat as a court of common law, heard suits in the court of equity and settled revenue disputes. A puisne baron was styled "Mr Baron X" and the chief baron as "Lord Chief Baron X".
From 1550 to 1579, there was a major distinction between the chief baron and the second, third and fourth puisne barons. The difference was in social status and education. All of the chief barons had been trained as lawyers in the inns of court. With the exception of Henry Bradshaw and Sir Clement Higham, both barristers-at-law, all of the chief barons who served Queen Elizabeth I, had attained the highest and most prestigious rank of a lawyer, serjeant-at-law.
In 1875, the Court of Exchequer became the Exchequer Division of the High Court. Following the death of the last chief baron in 1880, the division and that of Common Pleas were merged into the King's Bench Division.




Chief Barons of the Exchequer


1303 William de Carleton
1317 Sir Walter Norwich
1327 Hervey de Stanton
1328–1329 Sir Walter Norwich
1329 Sir John Stonor
1331 Sir Henry le Scrope
1337 Sir Robert Sadington
1344 Sir William de Shareshull
1345 Sir John Stowford
1345 Sir Robert Sadington
1350 Gervase de Wilford
1362 William de Skipwith
1366 Thomas de Lodelow
1375 Sir William Tauk
1376 Henry Asty
1381 Robert de Plessyngton
1384 William de Carleol
1386 Sir John Cary (d.1395) of Cockington, Devon.
1387 Sir Robert de Plesyngton
1388 Thomas Pinchbeck
1389 John Cassey
1401 Sir John Cokayne, known as the Elder.
1414 William Lasingby
1420 William Babington
1423 Sir John Ivyn
1438 John Fray
1448 Peter Ardern
1463 Richard Illingworth
1472 Sir Thomas Urswick
1480 Sir William Nottingham
1483 Humphrey Starkey
1486 Sir William Hody
1513 John Scot
1522 John FitzJames
1526 Sir Richard Broke
1529 Sir Richard Lyster
1545 Sir Roger Cholmley
1552 Henry Bradshaw
1553 David Brooke
1558 Sir Clement Higham
1559 Sir Edward Saunders
1577 Sir Robert Bell
1577 Sir John Jefferay, of Chiddingly, Sussex
1578 Sir Roger Manwood
1593 Sir William Peryam
1604 Sir Thomas Fleming
1607 Sir Lawrence Tanfield
1625 Sir John Walter
1631 Sir Humphrey Davenport
1645 Sir Richard Lane
1648 John Wilde
1655 William Steele, appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland in 1656
1658 Sir Thomas Widdrington
1660 John Wilde
1660 Sir Orlando Bridgeman
1660–1671 Sir Matthew Hale
1671–1676 Sir Edward Turnor
1676–1686 Sir William Montagu
1686–1689 Sir Edward Atkyns
1689–1694 Sir Robert Atkyns
1695–1714 Sir Edward Ward
1714–1715 Sir Samuel Dodd
1716–1722 Sir Thomas Bury
1722–1723 Sir James Montagu
1723–1725 Sir Robert Eyre
1725–1726 Sir Jeffrey Gilbert
1726–1730 Sir Thomas Pengelly
1730–1738 Sir James Reynolds, junior
1738–1740 Sir John Comyns
1740–1742 Sir Edmund Probyn
1742–1772 Sir Thomas Parker
1772–1777 Sir Sydney Smythe
1777–1787 Sir John Skynner
1787–1793 Sir James Eyre
1793–1813 Sir Archibald Macdonald
1813 Sir Vicary Gibbs
1814–1817 Sir Alexander Thomson
1817–1824 Sir Richard Richards
1824–1831 Sir William Alexander
1831–1834 The Lord Lyndhurst
1834–1844 Sir James Scarlett
1844–1866 Sir Frederick Pollock
1866–1880 Sir Fitzroy Kelly




Peerages created for the Chief Baron of the Exchequer






See also


Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer in Scotland




References






Further reading



Walker, David M., The Oxford Companion to Law, Appendix I, list of Chief Barons 1660-1880, pp. 1326–1327.
Sainty (comp.), Sir John, The Judges of England, 1272-1990: a list of the judges of the Superior courts (Selden Society: Supplementary Series 1993, 10).

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