- Source: Chromosome 6
Chromosome 6 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 6 spans nearly 171 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in cells. It contains the major histocompatibility complex, which contains over 100 genes related to the immune response, and plays a vital role in organ transplantation.
The evolution of human centromere 6
The centromere of chromosome 6 illustrates an interesting example of centromere evolution. It was known that in a Catarrhini ancestor the chromosome 6 centromere was situated near position 26 Mb of the modern human chromosome. In Macaca mulatta, this old centromere went defunct and repositioned to a different chromosomal location. In the case of humans, the old centromere went defunct and a more recent form emerged near the modern position of human cen6 (size of 60 Mb). Such cases are known as Evolutionary New Centromeres (ENC). This assembly phenomenon of the human chromosome 6 gives researchers an opportunity to investigate the origin of the ENC on chromosome 6.
Genes
The human leukocyte antigen lies on chromosome 6, with the exception of the gene for β2-microglobulin (which is located on chromosome 15), and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins among other functions.
= Number of genes
=In 2003, the entirety of chromosome 6 was manually annotated for proteins, resulting in the identification of 1,557 genes, and 633 pseudogenes.
The following are some of the newer gene count estimates. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.
= Gene list
=The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 6. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
p-arm
The following are some of the genes located on p-arm (short arm) of human chromosome 6:
q-arm
The following are some of the genes located on q-arm (long arm) of human chromosome 6:
Diseases and disorders
The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 6:
Cytogenetic band
References
Notes
Some text in this article was taken from http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=6 Archived 2007-08-12 at the Wayback Machine (public domain)
Further reading
External links
National Institutes of Health. "Chromosome 6". Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 2007-08-12. Retrieved 2017-05-06.
"Chromosome 6". Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990–2003. Retrieved 2017-05-06.
"Chromosome 6 Research Project". Parent-driven research for genotype-phenotype studies on chromosome 6 disorders. Retrieved 2017-06-17
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Kromosom 6
- Kromosom
- Daftar organisme menurut jumlah kromosom
- Peradaban Lembah Indus
- Hawa mitokondria
- Kelt
- Sindrom XYY
- Adam kromosom-Y
- Harun (tokoh Alkitab)
- Unta
- Chromosome 6
- Chromosome
- Chromosome abnormality
- Y chromosome
- Philadelphia chromosome
- Chromosome 1
- Lists of human genes
- Chromosome 2
- Ring chromosome
- Sex chromosome
