• Source: Civil Police (Brazil)

      • In Brazil, the Civilian Police (Portuguese: Polícia Civil) is the name of the investigative state police forces.
      The Civilian Police are agencies of the public administration of the states and of the Federal District of Brazil, whose function is, under Article 144 of the Federal Constitution of 1988, public security and the preservation of the public order, the safety of the people and of the patrimony.
      Each of the states and the Federal District has its own civilian police department, which carries out detective work, forensics and criminal investigation, acting as a state bureau of investigation, while the "military police" carry out preventive police duties.
      It aims at the exercise of functions of judiciary police and the exercise of activities of administrative and security police, which are indispensable to the preservation of the juridical order, to the (promotion of the) harmonic life of the community, and to guarantee citizens' rights and liberty.


      Description



      The Civilian Police of Brazil had origin in the General Intendancy of Police, created in Rio de Janeiro in 1808.
      With the transference of the Portuguese Royal Family to Brazil in 1808, the police started to be regulated, have structure and important social role.
      The Police General Intendancy of the Court and the State of Brazil (Intendência Geral de Polícia da Corte e do Estado do Brasil, in Portuguese) was created by charter of D. João VI on May 10 of that year, centralizing the police attributes of competence belonging to several authorities such as Ouvidor Geral, the alcaydes, the quadrilheiros and the road and assaults captains.
      The first Police General Superintendent was Councilor Paulo Fernandes Viana who organized the police administration in Rio de Janeiro city as it used to be in Lisbon.
      The Police General Intendancy went through the phase of the Brazilian politic emancipation movement which finally culminated on September 7, 1822.
      Civilian Police had been gradually developing for all country during the governments Imperial and Republican. Today, the constitutional existence of the Civilian Police and its attributions elapse of article 144, IV and 144 § 4°, of the Federal Constitution.


      Organization


      Each of the 26 states plus the Federal district has its own Civil Police force. They are each directed by a Chief of Police, chosen from among commissioned career officers.
      The services of judiciary police are performed through individual precincts that have jurisdiction over entire towns or small cities as well as sections of large cities.


      Basic organic structure


      Police Superior Council
      A collegiate organ

      Cabinet
      Direct assistance of the Police Chief

      Planning and Police Operations Department
      Operational planning

      General Office of Police
      Fiscalization

      Police State Academy
      Professional formation

      Police Departments
      Operational organs

      Administration Department
      Administrative support

      Technical-Scientific Department
      Technical-scientific support (in some states, this is a separated organization)


      Special investigations


      Special Investigations Department, which is the information organ of the states police, is responsible for the highly complex police investigations; yet as its duty it has the dignitaries safety and the maintenance of the Special Operations Services (CORE, GOE and others) which uses highly trained policemen in dangerous tasks that the police have to face daily.


      Police inquiry


      The function of Judiciary Police is exercised through the police inquiry, included in the Brazilian prosecution law in order to investigate the penal infractions and their responsibility. When concluded the inquiry is sent to the criminal judge.


      Hierarchic degrees



      Police Authority

      Commissioner of Police (Delegado/Comissário) = A (Deputy Sheriff) and a Magistrate. It is demanded to a Commissioner of Police be: A Bachelor of Laws & have a minimum of three years of legal or police experience.
      Agents of the Authority

      Notary of Police (Escrivão)
      Agent, Investigator or Inspector (Agente, Investigador ou Inspetor)
      Police Specialists

      CSI - Crime Scene Investigator (Perito Criminal)
      Note: In several Brazilian states, Police Specialists (Expert Criminal) direct an unattended Police Department, generally called "Scientific Police" or "Technical Police", responsible for criminal expertise at the respective state.


      Civil police of Brazil



      Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal - Brasilia
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Acre
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Alagoas
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Amapá
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Amazonas
      Polícia Civil do Estado da Bahia
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Ceará
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Espírito Santo
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Goiás
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Maranhão
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Mato Grosso
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Minas Gerais
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Pará
      Polícia Civil do Estado da Paraíba
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Paraná
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Pernambuco
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Piauí
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
      Polícia Civil do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Rondônia
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Roraima
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Santa Catarina
      Polícia Civil do Estado de São Paulo
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Sergipe
      Polícia Civil do Estado de Tocantins


      Weaponry



      Taurus pistols
      Glock pistols
      Colt pistols
      Smith & Wesson pistols
      Heckler & Koch MP5
      Colt M16A2
      Heckler & Koch G3


      See also


      Grupo de Operações Especiais (GOE)
      CORE (Brazil)


      External links


      Civil Police of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil Official web site, in Portuguese
      Civil Police of the Minas Gerais State
      Brazilian Federal Police Official web site, in Portuguese

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