• Source: Closed ecological system

Closed ecological systems or contained ecological systems (CES) are ecosystems that do not rely on matter exchange with any part outside the system.
The term is most often used to describe small, man-made ecosystems. Such systems can potentially serve as a life-support system
]] or space habitats.
In a closed ecological system, any waste products produced by one species must be used by at least one other species. If the purpose is to maintain a life form, such as a mouse or a human, waste products such as carbon dioxide, feces and urine must eventually be converted into oxygen, food, and water.
A closed ecological system must contain at least one autotrophic organism. While both chemotrophic and phototrophic organisms are plausible, almost all closed ecological systems to date are based on an autotroph such as green algae.




Examples


A closed ecological system for an entire planet is called an ecosphere.
Man-made closed ecological systems which were created to sustain human life include Biosphere 2, MELiSSA, and the BIOS-1, BIOS-2, and BIOS-3 projects.
Bottle gardens and aquarium ecospheres are partially or fully enclosed glass containers that are self-sustaining closed ecosystems that can be made or purchased. They can include tiny shrimp, algae, gravel, decorative shells, and Gorgonia.




In fiction


Closed ecological systems are commonly featured in fiction and particularly in science fiction. These include domed cities, space stations and habitats on foreign planets or asteroids, cylindrical habitats (e.g. O'Neill cylinders), Dyson Spheres and so on.




See also


Biosphere – Global sum of all ecosystems on Earth
Controlled ecological life-support system – Technology on Space Stations & Closed Ecosystems
Controlled-environment agriculture – Technology-based approach toward food growing
IBTS Greenhouse – Egyptian desalination project
Ecology – Study of organisms and their environment
Ecosphere – Planetary closed ecological system
Ecosystem services – Benefits provided by intact ecosystemsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Eden Project – Visitor attraction in Cornwall, United Kingdom
MELiSSA – European Space Agency led consortium developing life support systems for space missions
Space colonization – Concept of permanent human habitation outside of Earth
Spome – Hypothetical matter-closed, energy-open life support system
Terraforming – Hypothetical planetary engineering process
Chang'e 4 – Chinese lunar lander & rover
Space stations and habitats in fiction – Fictional depictions of space stations and habitats in fiction




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Dampak sosial dan lingkungan dari minyak sawit
• Closed ecological system
• Controlled ecological life-support system
• Closed loop
• CES
• Biotope
• Biodome
• Biosphere 2
• Silent Running
• Montreal Biodome
• Bio-Dome