• Source: Colossendeidae

Colossendeidae is a family of sea spiders (class Pycnogonida). This family includes more than 100 species distributed among six genera. These sea spiders inhabit the deep sea mostly but are also found in shallower waters, especially in Antarctic and Arctic waters.




Description


Sea spiders in this family can grow to giant sizes as adults, far larger than any other sea spiders. The largest sea spider, Colossendeis colossea, can reach a leg span of 70 cm. Like most sea spiders, species in this family have four pairs of legs, except for three species (Decolopoda australis, D. qasimi, and Pentacolossendeis reticulata) with five leg pairs, and one species (Dodecolopoda mawsoni) with six leg pairs.
Sea spiders in this family have palps with 9 or 10 articles, with the first two basal segments very short. The ovigers have 10 articles, and each oviger ends in a strong terminal claw. These sea spiders feature compound oviger spines arranged in fields or rows on a well formed strigilis. Both palps and ovigers are present in both males and females. The proboscis is long, usually longer than the trunk. The trunk and legs are usually glabrous. The legs are long and have no auxiliary claws, and all legs feature gonopores.




Taxonomy


Colossendeis Jarzinsky, 1870 (67 species)
Colossendeis acuta Stiboy-Risch, 1993
Colossendeis adelpha Child, 1998
Colossendeis angusta Sars, 1877
Colossendeis aperta Turpaeva, 2005
Colossendeis arcuata A. Milne-Edwards, 1885
Colossendeis australis Hodgson, 1907
Colossendeis avida Pushkin, 1970
Colossendeis belekurovi Pushkin, 1993
Colossendeis bicincta Schimkewitsch, 1893
Colossendeis brevirostris Child, 1995
Colossendeis bruuni Fage, 1956
Colossendeis clavata Meinert, 1899
Colossendeis colossea Wilson, 1881
Colossendeis concedis Child, 1995
Colossendeis cucurbita Cole, 1909
Colossendeis curtirostris Stock, 1963
Colossendeis dalli Child, 1995
Colossendeis drakei Calman, 1915
Colossendeis elephantis Child, 1995
Colossendeis enigmatica Turpaeva, 1974
Colossendeis ensifer Child, 1995
Colossendeis fijigrypos Bamber, 2004
Colossendeis fragilis Pushkin, 1993
Colossendeis gardineri Carpenter, 1907
Colossendeis geoffroyi Mane-Garzon, 1944
Colossendeis gibbosa Mobius, 1902
Colossendeis glacialis Hodgson, 1907
Colossendeis gracilis Hoek, 1881
Colossendeis grassa Pushkin, 1993
Colossendeis hoeki Gordon, 1944
Colossendeis insolita Pushkin, 1993
Colossendeis japonica Hoek, 1898
Colossendeis korotkevitschi Pushkin, 1984
Colossendeis kurtchatovi Turpaeva, 1993
Colossendeis leninensis Pushkin, 1993
Colossendeis leptorhynchus Hoek, 1881
Colossendeis longirostris Gordon, 1938
Colossendeis losinskii Turpaeva, 2002
Colossendeis macerrima Wilson, 1881
Colossendeis media Hoek, 1881
Colossendeis megalonyx Fry & Hedgpeth, 1969
Colossendeis melancholicus Stock, 1975
Colossendeis mica Pushkin, 1970
Colossendeis microsetosa Hilton, 1943
Colossendeis minor Schimkewitsch, 1893
Colossendeis minuta Hoek, 1881
Colossendeis mycterismos Bamber, 2004
Colossendeis nasuta Hedgpeth, 1949
Colossendeis notialis Child 1995
Colossendeis oculifera Stock, 1963
Colossendeis peloria Child, 1994
Colossendeis perforata Turpaeva, 1993
Colossendeis pipetta Stock, 1991
Colossendeis proboscidea (Sabine)
Colossendeis robusta Hoek, 1881
Colossendeis rostrata Turpaeva, 1994
Colossendeis scoresbii Gordon, 1932
Colossendeis scotti Calman, 1915
Colossendeis sinuosa Stock, 1997
Colossendeis spicula Child, 1994
Colossendeis stramenti Fry and Hedgpeth, 1969
Colossendeis subminuta Schimkewitsch, 1893
Colossendeis tenera Hilton, 1943
Colossendeis tenuipedis Pushkin, 1993
Colossendeis tethya Turpaeva, 1974
Colossendeis tortipalpis Gordon, 1932
Colossendeis vityazi Turpaeva, 1973
Colossendeis wilsoni Calman, 1915
Decolopoda Eights, 1835
Decolopoda australis Eights, 1835 — Scotia Sea (littoral)
Decolopoda quasimi Sree, Sreepada & Parulekar, 1993
Dodecolopoda Calman & Gordon, 1933
Dodecolopoda mawsoni Calman & Gordon, 1933 — Scotia Sea
Hedgpethia Turpaeva, 1973 (12 species)
Pentacolossendeis Hedgpeth, 1943
Pentacolossendeis reticulata Hedgpeth, 1943
Rhopalorhynchus
Rhopalorhynchus cinclus Bamber, 2001 — Bodgaya Southern Rim Reef, Malaysia (on a sponge)
Rhopalorhynchus claudus Stock, 1975 — Barbados (muddy sand, shell debris, sponge bottom)
Rhopalorhynchus clavipes Carpenter, 1893 — Torres Strait (between reefs)
Rhopalorhynchus filipes Stock, 1991 — between Loyalty Islands and New Caledonia, near Chesterfield Island
Rhopalorhynchus gracillimus Carpenter, 1907 — Maldive Islands (on a black crinoid)
Rhopalorhynchus kroeyeri Wood-Mason, 1873 — Andaman Islands (on the bottom of filamentous algae)
Rhopalorhynchus lomani Stock, 1958 — Makassar Strait, Indonesia
Rhopalorhynchus mortenseni Stock, 1958 — off Jolo, Sulu Archipelago (on sand and corals)
Rhopalorhynchus pedunculatum Stock, 1957 — Red Sea (shore)
Rhopalorhynchus sibogae Stock, 1958 — Flores Sea, Indonesia (on mud and sand)
Rhopalorhynchus tenuissimus Haswell, 1884 — Port Denison, Australia




References






Sources


PycnoBase: Taxon tree

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Laba-laba laut
• Colossendeidae
• Sea spider
• Dodecolopoda
• Colossendeis
• Decolopoda
• Colossendeis proboscidea
• Colossendeis colossea
• List of animals by number of legs
• Rhopalorhynchus
• List of sea spiders of South Africa