• Source: Constituent Assembly of Peru

      • The Constituent Assembly was the tenth Constituent Assembly of Peru, convened by the government of General Francisco Morales Bermudez to facilitate the return of democracy following a decade of the self-styled Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces. It was settled on 28 July 1978 and was led by Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, historical leader of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance. Its main mission was to develop a new constitution replacing the old 1933 Constitution. This new Constitution was enacted and promulgated on 12 July 1979, and entered into force on 28 July 1980, on the opening of the constitutional government of the architect Fernando Belaúnde Terry. It was replaced 14 years later by the 1993 Constitution.


      Composition and Structure




      = Board

      =
      Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, President
      Luis Alberto Sánchez, First Vice President and Constitution Committee Chairman
      Ernesto Alayza Grundy, Second Vice President
      Jorge Lozada Stanbury, First Secretary
      Rafael Vega García, Second Secretary
      Manuel Adrianzen Castillo, Pro Secretary
      Carlos Roca, Librarian Pro Secretary
      Moisés Woll Dávila, Treasurer


      = Representatives

      =
      Peruvian Aprista Party
      1. Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre
      2. Ramiro Prialé
      3. Andrés Townsend
      4. Fernando León de Vivero
      5. Carlos Manuel Cox
      6. Luis Heysen
      7. Carlos Enrique Melgar
      8. Carlos Enrique Ferreyros
      9. Javier Valle Riestra
      10. Luis Rodríguez Vildosola
      11. Héctor Vargas Haya
      12. Humberto Carranza Piedra
      13. Eulogio Tapia Olarte
      14. Lucio Muñiz Flores
      15. Luis Rivera Tamayo
      16. Jorge Lozada Stanbury
      17. Alfonso Ramos Alva
      18. Alan García Pérez
      19. Gustavo García Mundaca
      20. Mario Peláez Bazán
      21. Julio Cruzado Zavala
      22. Luis Alberto Sánchez
      23. Romualdo Biaggi Rodríguez
      24. Guillermo Baca Aguinaga
      25. Jorge Torres Vallejo
      26. Saturnino Berrospi Mendez
      27. Carlos Roca
      28. Urbina Julve Ciriaco
      29. Lucio Galarza Villar
      30. Arnaldo Alvarado
      31. Luis Negreiros
      32. Josmell A. Muñoz Córdova
      33. Enrique Chirinos Soto
      34. Francisco Chirinos Soto
      35. Arturo Miranda Valenzuela
      36. Pedro Arana Quiroz
      37. César Vizcarra Vargas
      Christian People's Party
      38. Luis Bedoya Reyes
      39. Federico Tovar Freire
      40. Xavier Barrón
      41. Alberto Thorndike Elmore
      42. Andrés Aramburu Menchaca
      43. Clohaldo Salazar Penailillo
      44. Mario Polár Ugarteche
      45. Roberto Ramírez del Villar
      46. Óscar Olivares Montano
      47. Edwin Montesinos Ruiz
      48. Rafael Vega García
      49. Lauro Muñoz Garay
      50. Ernesto Alayza Grundy
      51. Moisés Woll Dávila
      52. Manuel Kawashito Nagana
      53. Pedro Gotuzzo Fernandini
      54. Gabriela Porto Cárdenas de Power
      55. Rafael Risco Boado
      56. Genix Ruiz Hidalgo
      57. Miguel Ángel Arévalo del Valle
      58. Jorge Neyra Bisso
      59. Celso Sotomarino Chávez
      60. Armando Buendía Gutiérrez
      61. Miguel Ángel Mufarech Nemy
      62. Ruben Chang Gamarra
      Popular Workers Student Farmers Front
      63. Hugo Blanco
      64. Genaro Ledesma
      65. Magda Benavides Morales
      66. Hernán Cuentas Anci
      67. German Chamba Calle
      68. Ricardo Napuri Schapiro
      69. Enrique Fernández Chacón
      70. Juan Cornejo Gómez
      71. César Augusto Mateu Moya
      72. Romain Ovidio Montoya Chávez
      73. Victoriano Lázaro Gutiérrez
      74. Saturnino Paredes Macedo
      Peruvian Communist Party
      75. Raúl Acosta Salas
      76. Eduardo Castillo Sánchez
      77. Luis Alberto Delgado Bejar
      78. Jorge del Prado
      79. Isodoro Gamarra Ramírez
      80. Alejandro Olivera
      Revolutionary Socialist Party
      81. Antonio Aragón Gallegos
      82. Miguel Echeandía Urbina
      83. Avelino Mar Arias
      84. Antonio Meza Cuadra
      85. Leonidas Rodríguez Figueroa
      86. Alberto Ruiz Eldredge
      Popular Democratic Union
      87. Carlos Malpica Silva Santisteban
      88. Javier Diez Canseco
      89. Ricardo Díaz Chávez
      90. Víctor Cuadros Paredes
      Workers and Farmers National Front
      91. Pedro Cáceres Velásquez
      92. Roger Cáceres Velásquez
      93. Ernesto Sánchez Fajardo
      94. Jesús Veliz Lizarraga
      Christian Democrat Party
      95. Héctor Cornejo Chávez
      96. Carlos Arturo Moretti Ricardi
      Peruvian Democratic Movement
      97. Marco Antonio Garrido Malo
      98. Javier Ortiz de Zevallos
      Odriist National Union
      99. Manuel Adrianzen Castillo
      100. Víctor Freundt Rosell


      = Innovations of the Constitution

      =
      The main innovations of this Constitution, compared to its predecessor, were:

      The President, the two Vice-Presidents and members of Congress (deputies and senators) would be elected jointly every five years in general elections (previous renovations were abolished parliamentary by thirds or halves)
      The set up the second round of the elections for President, should not reach more than half (50% plus one) of the votes validly cast
      Strengthened the authority of the President of the Republic. This could be seen "in whole or in part" the bills passed in Congress and could dissolve the House of Deputies if it censured three of the Presidential Cabinet. Could also grant pardons and commute sentences. It also gave him more power over the budget, which allowed a greater capacity to implement its policies.
      Corrected parliamentary excessive powers referred to in the Constitution of 1933
      Limited death penalty only for cases of treason in foreign war. It was abolished for crimes like murder and others included in the law.
      Established citizenship for all Peruvians from 18 years (before the minimum age was 21 years)
      It repealed the restriction on voting by illiterate
      Watched the insurgency right (obviously, to defend the constitutional order and not to alter or bruise)
      Created the Constitutional Tribunal of Peru, as the controlling body of the Constitution
      On the economic side, the rules would be the social market economy, corporate pluralism and freedom of trade and industry

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