• Source: Daphne (Handel)

Daphne or Die Verwandelte Daphne (Daphne Metamorphosed), HWV 4, is an opera composed by Handel for the Oper am Gänsemarkt in Hamburg in 1706, to a libretto by Hinrich Hinsch. The opera, based on the Daphne myth, was the second part of a double opera. Both works were first performed in Hamburg in January 1708. While the music is lost, the libretto survived, and two suites were reconstructed.




History


Georg Friedrich Händel composed Die Verwandelte Daphne at the request of Reinhard Keiser, the manager of the Oper am Gänsemarkt in 1706. The opera was the second part of a double opera, with the first part, Florindo. Origibally both works were planned for one evening. The libretto, based on the Daphne myth, was by Hinrich Hinsch, a lawyer, who also wrote the text for Keiser's first opera in Hamburg, Mahumet II (1696), based on the life of Mehmet II. Hinsch had been writing librettos since 1681. He died in 1712.
After completing Daphne, Händel only taught and studied music by colleagues. He prepared his departure to Italy where he planned to study further; he copied Keiser's opera Octavia and took it along on his journey.
Daphne was first performed at the Theater am Gänsemarkt in January 1708. It was probably directed from the harpsichord by Christoph Graupner.
Only fragments of the score survive, but a copy of the libretto exists in the Library of Congress.




Roles


Phoebus, in love with Daphne
Daphne, daughter of Pineus, to marry Florindo
Florindo, son of Enipheus, to marry Daphne, secretly loved by Alfirena
Lycoris, nymph, in love with Florindo
Damon, shepherd, in love with Lycoris
Galathea, old nymph, Daphne's confidante
Alfirena, daughter of Apidinus, secretly in love with Florindo
Tyrsis, shepherd from Arcadia, Damon's friend
Cupido, god of love
shepherds, priests




Plot


The plot rests on a conflict between gods Phoebus and Cupido. It follows traditions to deal with love, often unrequited and leading to suffering, and depicts complex intrigue and intricate love relationships, alluding to death, hatred and revenge.




Suites


Two suites from Daphne were reconstructed and were published by Bärenreiter in a collection of single pieces orchestral music by Handel, as part of their complete edition of Handel's works, one in B-flat major, HWV 352, and one in G major, HWV353. The Suite in G major was recorded as part of a collection of Handel's music for Hamburg, Handel in Hamburg, by the ensemble Parley of Instruments conducted by Peter Holman and released in 1998.




References






= Cited sources

=
Baselt, Bernd (1978). "Thematisch-systematisches Verzeichnis. Bühnenwerke.". In Eisen, Walter (ed.). Händel-Handbuch. Leipzig: Deutscher Verlag für Musik. ISBN 3-7618-0610-8.
Coopersmith, J. M. (December 1946). "Review of Handel by Herbert Weinstock". Notes. 2nd Ser. 4 (1): 85–89.
Dean, Winton; Knapp, J. Merrill (1987). Handel's Operas, 1704-1726. The Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84-383525-7.
Kosheleva, Maria A. (June 2020). "Opera Dilogy der Beglückte Florindo ("Florindo Made Happy") and Die Verwandelte Daphne ("Daphne Metamorphosed") by G.F. Handel / Problem of Plot Formation". Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences: 904–913. doi:10.17516/1997-1370-0614.
Rolland, Romain (1910) [republished 2005]. Haendel. Actes Sud-Classica. ISBN 2-7427-5454-7.
Sadie, Stanley, ed. (1992). The New Grove Dictionary of Opera. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-522186-2.
"Individually Passed Down Instrumental Works II". Bärenreiter. 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
"Handel in Hamburg". Muziekweb. 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.




Further reading


Arnold Jacobshagen (ed.), Panja Mücke: Das Händel-Handbuch in 6 Bänden. Händels Opern. vol. 2. Laaber-Verlag, Laaber 2009, ISBN 978-3-89007-686-7.
Albert Scheibler: Sämtliche 53 Bühnenwerke des Georg Friedrich Händel, Opern-Führer. Edition Köln, Lohmar/Rheinland 1995, ISBN 3-928010-05-0.




External links


Die verwandelte Daphne (libretto)
Die verwandelte Daphne Handel Society
Suite in B flat major, HWV 352 (Handel, George Frideric): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
Suite in G major, HWV 353 (Handel, George Frideric): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project

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• Daphne (Handel)
• George Frideric Handel
• Handel's lost Hamburg operas
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• List of operas by George Frideric Handel
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• Handel Hendrix House