- Source: Dehkan farm
A dehkan farm (Uzbek: деҳқон хўжаликлари, Tajik: хоҷагиҳои деҳқонӣ (фермерӣ), Turkmen: daýhan hojalyk, Russian: дехканские хозяйства; all from Persian: دهقان) is an individual or family farm in Central Asia. The term, from دهقان (dehqân, "landowner"), originally a Persian word used in the Sassanid Empire, it is still utilized in the classification systems of several Central Asia governments.
Uzbekistan
In Uzbekistan, household plots were reclassified as "dehkan farms" in 1998, at which time the Law of Dehkan Farms was passed. Around 60% of all agricultural production in the country comes from dehkan farms, which control less than 5% of arable land in the country and average less than 0.2 hectares in size.
The small dehkan farms grow vegetables and raise livestock. Scale crops, such as wheat and cotton, are usually grown on larger peasant farms (average size more than 40 hectares) and on the few remaining shirkats (former collective farms). All agricultural land in Uzbekistan is owned by the state. While this situation allows the state to demand certain performance and production standards from larger farms, dehkan farms are allowed to grow whatever the farmers wish. Additionally, unlike larger farms where leases must be renewed, leases for dehkan farms are lifetime holdings and can be transferred through inheritance. They cannot, however, be sold or given to someone outside the family as a gift.
Dehkan farms own 93% of all cattle in Uzbekistan.
Tajikistan
In Tajikistan, "dehkan farms" are midsized peasant farms that are legally and physically distinct from household plots. Regulations concerning dehkan farms in Tajikistan are laid out in the Law No. 1289 on Dehkan Farms from 2016.
Dehkan farms cultivate more than 60% of agricultural land in Tajikistan, averaging about 20 hectares in size (compared to less than 2 hectares in household plots). Dehkan farms concentrate in crop production (cotton, wheat, and vegetables) and their share of livestock is minimal.
See also
Agriculture in Central Asia
Agriculture in Tajikistan
Agriculture in Uzbekistan
Notes
References
Lerman, Zvi (2008). "Agricultural Development in Central Asia: A Survey of Uzbekistan, 2007–2008". Eurasian Geography and Economics. 49 (4): 481–505. doi:10.2747/1539-7216.49.4.481. S2CID 154121671. Archived from the original on 2013-01-28.
Lerman, Zvi; Sedik, David (2009). "Agricultural Development and Household Incomes in Central Asia: A Survey of Tajikistan, 2003-2008". Eurasian Geography and Economics. 50 (3): 301–326. doi:10.2747/1539-7216.50.3.301. S2CID 153321697.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Dehkan farm
- Agriculture in Uzbekistan
- Kolkhoz
- Agriculture in Tajikistan
- Gender equality in Tajikistan
- Household plot
- Agrarian Party of Tajikistan
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