• Source: Dibromomethane

Dibromomethane or methylene bromide, or methylene dibromide is a halomethane with the formula CH2Br2. It is slightly soluble in water but very soluble in organic solvents. It is a colorless liquid.




Physical properties


At ambient temperature, dibromomethane freezes around 0.61 GPa. The crystal structure strongly suggests both interhalogen and hydrogen-halogen interactions.




Preparation


Dibromomethane is prepared commercially from dichloromethane via bromochloromethane:

6 CH2Cl2 + 3 Br2 + 2 Al → 6 CH2BrCl + 2 AlCl3
CH2Cl2 + HBr → CH2BrCl + HCl
The latter route requires aluminium trichloride as a catalyst.
The bromochloromethane product from either reaction can further react in a similar manner:

6 CH2BrCl + 3 Br2 + 2 Al → 6 CH2Br2 + 2 AlCl3
CH2BrCl + HBr → CH2Br2 + HCl
In the laboratory, it is prepared from bromoform using sodium arsenite and sodium hydroxide:

CHBr3 + Na3AsO3 + NaOH → CH2Br2 + Na3AsO4 + NaBr

Another way is to prepare it from diiodomethane and bromine.




Uses


Dibromomethane is used as a solvent, gauge fluid, and in organic synthesis (often as 1H-NMR internal standard). It conviently converts polyols (such as catechols) to their methylenedioxy derivatives, and bromomethylenates enolates. It is a much cheaper precursor to a Simmons-Smith-type reagent than diiodomethane.




Natural occurrence


It is naturally produced by marine algae and liberated to the oceans. Releasing on soil causes it to evaporate and leach into the ground. Releasing in water causes it to be lost mainly by volatilisation with a half life of 5.2 hours. It has no significant degradation biological or abiological effects. In the atmosphere it will be lost because of reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. The estimated half life of this reaction is 213 days.




References






External links


International Chemical Safety Card 0354

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Bromometana
• Dibromomethane
• DBM
• Heavy liquid
• Hydrogen bromide
• Bromomethane
• 1,2-Dibromoethane
• Carbon tetrabromide
• Lombardo methylenation
• Diiodomethane
• Bromoform