Kongres
Amerika Serikat mengesahkan
Enam fregat asli
Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat di bawah Undang-Undang
Angkatan Laut 1794 pada 27 Maret 1794, dengan total biaya yang sebesar $688.888,82. Kapal-kapal tersebut dibangun selama masa-masa formatif
Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat, atas rekomendasi perancang Joshua Humphreys untuk sebuah armada
fregat kuat dalam melibatkan
fregat-
fregat Angkatan Laut Prancis atau Britania namun cukup cepat untuk menghindari kapal manapun dari garis tersebut.
Catatan
Referensi
Artikel ini mengandung teks dari Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships yang berstatus domain umum.
Daftar pustaka
Allen, Gardner Weld (1905). Our Navy and the Barbary Corsairs. Boston, New York and Chicago: Houghton Mifflin. OCLC 2618279.
—— (1909). Our Naval War With France. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin. OCLC 1202325.
Beach, Edward L. (1986). The United States Navy 200 Years. New York: H. Holt. ISBN 978-0-03-044711-2. OCLC 12104038.
Canney, Donald L. (2001). Sailing warships of the US Navy. Naval Institute Press. hlm. 46. ISBN 978-1-55750-990-1.
Chapelle, Howard Irving (1949). The History of the American Sailing Navy; the Ships and Their Development. New York: Norton. OCLC 1471717.
Cooper, James Fenimore (1856). History of the Navy of the United States of America. New York: Stringer & Townsend. OCLC 197401914.
Daughan, George C. (2008). If By Sea: The Forging of *the American Navy-- From the American Revolution to the War of 1812. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-01607-5. OCLC 190876973.
Fowler, William M. (1984). Jack Tars and Commodores: The American Navy, 1783-1815. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-35314-9. OCLC 10277756.
Hollis, Ira N. (1900). The Frigate Constitution; The Central Figure of the Navy Under Sail. Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin. OCLC 2350400.
Humphreys, Henry H. (1916). "Who Built the First United States Navy?". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. Vol. XL no. 4. Philadelphia: Historical Society of Pennsylvania. hlm. 385–411. ISSN 0031-4587. OCLC 1762062.
Jennings, John (1966). Tattered Ensign The Story of America's Most Famous Fighting Frigate, U.S.S. Constitution. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell. OCLC 1291484.
Maclay, Edgar Stanton; Smith, Roy Campbell (1898) [1893]. A History of the United States Navy, from 1775 to 1898. 1 (edisi ke-New). New York: D. Appleton. OCLC 609036.
—— (1898) [1893]. A History of the United States Navy, from 1775 to 1898. 2 (edisi ke-New). New York: D. Appleton. OCLC 609036.
Martin, Tyrone G. (2003) [1997]. A Most Fortunate Ship: A Narrative History of "Old Ironsides" (edisi ke-Revised). Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-513-9. OCLC 51022876.
Morris, Charles (1880). Soley, J. R., ed. "The Autobiography of Commodore Charles Morris U.S.N." Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute. VI (12): 111–219. ISSN 0041-798X. OCLC 2496995.
Roosevelt, Theodore (1883) [1882]. The Naval War of 1812 (edisi ke-3rd). New York: G.P. Putnam's sons. OCLC 133902576.
Smelser, Marshall (1959). The Congress Founds the Navy, 1787–1798. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. OCLC 422274.
Toll, Ian W (2006). Six Frigates: The Epic History of the Founding of the US Navy. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-05847-5. OCLC 70291925.
Wood, Virginia Steele (1981). Live Oaking: Southern Timber for Tall Ships. Boston: Northeastern University Press. ISBN 978-0930350208. OCLC 7795440.
Bacaan tambahan
Hoyt, Edwin Palmer (2000). Old Ironsides (Large Print). Thorndike: G.K. Hall. ISBN 0-7838-9151-2. OCLC 44468774.
Humphreys, Assheton Y. (2000). Tyrone G. Martin, ed. The USS Constitution's Finest Fight: The Journal of Acting Chaplain Assheton Humphreys, US Navy. Mount Pleasant: Nautical & Aviation Publishing. ISBN 1-877853-60-7. OCLC 44632941.
Poolman, Kenneth (1962). Guns Off Cape Ann; The Story of the Shannon and the Chesapeake. Chicago: Rand McNally. OCLC 1384754.
Wachtel, Roger (2003). Old Ironsides (Elementary and Junior High School). New York: Children's Press. ISBN 0-516-24207-5. OCLC 50035427.
Pranala luar
USS Constitution Museum
USS Constitution Official homepageDiarsipkan 2012-08-29 di Wayback Machine.
Templat:USN Original Six