• Source: Erythrolamprus

Erythrolamprus is a genus of colubrid snakes native to Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. They include the false coral snakes, which appear to be coral snake mimics.




Classification


The genus Erythrolamprus belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae (which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae), belonging to the family Colubridae. Erythrolamprus previously contained just six species, mostly coral snake mimics. However, molecular studies beginning in 2009 determined that Erythrolamprus was not monophyletic, and thus most of the snakes of the genera Liophis, Leimadophis, and Umbrivaga were placed into Erythrolamprus, bringing the number of species up to 50.




Description


Erythrolamprus snakes are usually less than 1.6 m (5.2 ft) in length. They are ground snakes, with lifestyles ranging from fossorial (burrowing) to terrestrial to semi-aquatic, and in habitats ranging from rainforests to savannas to the mountainous páramo, up to 3,500 m (11,500 ft) above sea level.




Species


These species are currently recognized as being valid.

Erythrolamprus aenigma Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nuñez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann, 2021 – savannah racer snake
Erythrolamprus aesculapii (Linnaeus, 1766) – Aesculapian false coral snake
Erythrolamprus albertguentheri Grazziotin, Zaher, R. Murphy, Scrocchi, Benavides, Zhang & Bonatto, 2012 – Günther's green liophis
Erythrolamprus albiventris (Jan, 1863)
Erythrolamprus almadensis (Wagler, 1824) – Almaden ground snake
Erythrolamprus andinus (Dixon, 1983)
Erythrolamprus atraventer (Dixon & Thomas, 1985) – Dixon's ground snake
Erythrolamprus bizona Jan, 1863 – double-banded false coral snake
Erythrolamprus breviceps (Cope, 1861) – short ground snake
Erythrolamprus carajasensis (da Cunha, Nascimento & Ávila-Pires, 1985)
Erythrolamprus ceii (Dixon, 1991)
Erythrolamprus cobella (Linnaeus, 1758) – mangrove snake
Erythrolamprus cursor (Lacépède, 1789) – Lacépède's ground snake or Martinique ground snake (possibly extinct)
Erythrolamprus dorsocorallinus (Esqueda, Natera, La Marca & Ilija-Fistar, 2007)
Erythrolamprus epinephalus (Cope, 1862) – fire-bellied snake
Erythrolamprus festae (Peracca, 1897) – drab ground snake
Erythrolamprus fraseri Boulenger, 1894
Erythrolamprus frenatus (F. Werner, 1909) – swamp liophis
Erythrolamprus guentheri Garman, 1883 – Günther's false coral snake
Erythrolamprus ingeri (Roze, 1958)
Erythrolamprus jaegeri (Günther, 1858) – Jaeger's ground snake
Erythrolamprus janaleeae (Dixon, 2000)
Erythrolamprus juliae (Cope, 1879) – Julia's ground snake
Erythrolamprus lamonae (Dunn, 1944)
Erythrolamprus macrosomus (Amaral, 1936)
Erythrolamprus maryellenae (Dixon, 1985) – Maryellen's ground snake
Erythrolamprus melanotus (Shaw, 1802) – Shaw's dark ground snake
Erythrolamprus mertensi (Roze, 1964) – Mertens's tropical forest snake
Erythrolamprus miliaris (Linnaeus, 1758) – military ground snake
Erythrolamprus mimus (Cope, 1868) – mimic false coral snake
Erythrolamprus mossoroensis (Hoge & Lima-Verde, 1973)
Erythrolamprus ocellatus W. Peters, 1868 – Tobago false coral snake, red snake
Erythrolamprus oligolepis (Boulenger, 1905)
Erythrolamprus ornatus (Garman, 1887) – Saint Lucia racer, ornate ground snake
†Erythrolamprus perfuscus (Cope, 1862) – tan ground snake, Barbados racer (extinct)
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus (Wied-Neuwied, 1825)
Erythrolamprus pseudocorallus Roze, 1959 – false coral snake
Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae J. Murphy, Braswell, Charles, Auguste, Rivas, Borzée, Lehtinen & Jowers, 2019 – Tobago stream snake
Erythrolamprus pyburni (Markezich & Dixon, 1979) – Pyburn's tropical forest snake
Erythrolamprus pygmaeus (Cope, 1868) – Amazon tropical forest snake
Erythrolamprus reginae (Linnaeus, 1758) – royal ground snake
Erythrolamprus rochai Ascenso, Costa & Prudente, 2019
Erythrolamprus sagittifer (Jan, 1863) – arrow ground snake
Erythrolamprus semiaureus (Cope, 1862)
Erythrolamprus subocularis (Boulenger, 1902)
Erythrolamprus taeniogaster (Jan, 1866)
Erythrolamprus taeniurus (Tschudi, 1845) – thin ground snake
Erythrolamprus torrenicola (Donnelly & C. Myers, 1991) – velvety swamp snake
Erythrolamprus trebbaui (Roze, 1958)
Erythrolamprus triscalis (Linnaeus, 1758) – three-scaled ground snake
Erythrolamprus typhlus (Linnaeus, 1758) – blind ground snake, velvet swamp snake
Erythrolamprus viridis (Günther, 1862) – crown ground snake
Erythrolamprus vitti (Dixon, 2000)
Erythrolamprus williamsi (Roze, 1958) – Williams' ground snake
Erythrolamprus zweifeli (Roze, 1959) – braided ground snake, Zweifel's ground snake
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Erythrolamprus.




Mimicry


The brightly colored, ringed patterns of some of the snakes of the genus Erythrolamprus resemble those of sympatric coral snakes of the genus Micrurus, and it has been suggested that this is due to mimicry. Whether this is classical Batesian mimicry, classical Müllerian mimicry, a modified form of Müllerian mimicry, or no mimicry at all, remains to be proven.




Cited references






Further reading



Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Liophis atraventer, p. 73; L. guentheri, p. 111; L. jaegeri, p. 132; l. juliae, p. 137; L. melanotus, p. 241; Umbrivaga mertensi, p. 176; Geophis pyburni, p. 213; Liophis williamsi, p. 286; L. reginae zweifeli, p. 294).
Wagler J[G] (1830). Natürliches System der AMPHIBIEN, mit vorangehender Classification der SAÜGTHIERE und VÖGEL. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. Munich, Stuttgart, and Tübingen: J.G. Cotta. vi + 354 pp. (Erythrolamprus, new genus, p. 187). (in German and Latin).

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Ular belang-bata
• Dipsadinae
• Erythrolamprus
• Erythrolamprus epinephalus
• Erythrolamprus mimus
• Erythrolamprus typhlus
• Erythrolamprus ceii
• Erythrolamprus aesculapii
• Erythrolamprus ocellatus
• Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus
• List of snakes by scientific name
• Erythrolamprus triscalis