• Source: Escaryus

Escaryus is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Schendylidae. These centipedes are notable as schendylids adapted to colder temperatures and restricted to cool climates and high latitudes. With more than 30 species, this genus is easily the largest group of such centipedes in the family Schendylidae. Most schendylids are limited to tropical or subtropical regions.




Distribution


These centipedes are found in subarctic and temperate regions of the Holarctic realm. This genus is distributed in Eurasia from Moldova, Crimea, and the Caucasus mountains to Siberia, the Russian Far East, Korea, and northern Japan. In North America, these centipedes are found in coastal and central Alaska, the Yukon territory in Canada, Utah, and from Kansas to Minnesota, Virginia, New York, and Massachusetts. Species in this genus are mostly associated with mountainous regions.




Taxonomy


This genus was first proposed in 1891 by the American biologists Orator F. Cook and Guy N. Collins. They described this genus to contain two species, including E. phyllophilus, which they described as a new species based on specimens collected in Syracuse, New York. The name Escaryus is an anagram of Syracuse. Cook would later designate E. phyllophilus as the type species for this genus, but E. phyllophilus is now deemed to be a junior synonym of E. urbicus. When Cook first proposed Schendylidae as a family in 1896, he listed Escaryus as one of five genera included in the newly described family.




Description


Species in this genus feature heads that are slightly longer than wide and antennae that taper gradually. The middle part of the labrum features distinct denticles. Lappets project from the lateral margins of the first maxillae. The second maxillae end in claws fringed by two rows of filaments. The forcipular tergite is narrower than the following tergite. The sternites lack ventral fields of pores. The basal part of the ultimate legs features many scattered pores. Each of the ultimate legs features seven segments and ends in a claw. In both sexes, each gonopod features two joints.
Centipedes in this genus range from about 1 cm to about 7 cm in length. These centipedes can have as few as 31 pairs of legs (in the North American species E. cryptorobius, with as few as 31 in at least the males) or as many as 67 leg pairs (in the Central Asian species E. kusnetzowi, with as many as 67 in the females). The Russian species E. molodovae, which reaches only 14 mm in length, and the North American species E. paucipes, which measures only 14 mm in length, are both notable for their small sizes. The North American species E. missouriensis can reach 73 mm in length and is notable for its large size.




Species


This genus includes the following species:

Escaryus alatavicus Titova, 1972
Escaryus chadaevae Titova, 1973
Escaryus chichibuensis Shinohara, 1955
Escaryus cryptorobius Pereira & Hoffman, 1993
Escaryus dentatus Titova, 1973
Escaryus ethopus (Chamberlin, 1920)
Escaryus haasei (Sseliwanoff, 1884)
Escaryus hirsutus Titova, 1973
Escaryus igarashii Shinohara, 1955
Escaryus jacoti Verhoeff, 1934
Escaryus japonicus Attems, 1927
Escaryus kirgizicus Titova, 1972
Escaryus koreanus Takakuwa, 1937
Escaryus krivolutskiji Titova, 1973
Escaryus kusnetzowi Lignau, 1929
Escaryus latzeli (Sseliwanoff, 1881)
Escaryus liber Cook & Collins, 1891
Escaryus makizimae Takakuwa, 1935
Escaryus missouriensis Chamberlin, 1942
Escaryus molodovae Titova, 1973
Escaryus monticolens Chamberlin, 1947
Escaryus oligopus Attems, 1904
Escaryus orestes Pereira & Hoffman, 1993
Escaryus ornatus Folkmanová, 1956
Escaryus paucipes Chamberlin, 1946
Escaryus perelae Titova, 1973
Escaryus polygonatus Titova, 1973
Escaryus retusidens Attems, 1904
Escaryus sachalinus Takakuwa, 1935
Escaryus sibiricus Cook, 1899
Escaryus urbicus (Meinert, 1886)
Escaryus vitimicus Titova, 1973
Escaryus yacumoensis Takakuwa, 1935




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Escaryus
• Escaryus vitimicus
• Escaryus molodovae
• Escaryus kirgizicus
• Escaryus hirsutus
• Escaryus dentatus
• Escaryus polygonatus
• Schendylidae
• List of animals by number of legs
• Robert Latzel