• Source: Euconulidae

Euconulidae is a taxonomic family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea.
This land snail family is closely allied to the Zonitidae, the glass snails.




Taxonomy


The family Euconulidae was originally placed within the superfamily Gastrodontoidea according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Since 2017, its classification has been revised and it now belongs to the superfamily Trochomorphoidea




Distribution


The distribution of the Euconulidae includes the Nearctic, the western-Palearctic, the eastern-Palearctic, the Neotropical zone, the Ethiopian zone, Malagasy, south-eastern Asia, Australia, Polynesia and Hawaii.
Humidity, temperature, rainfall, and foliar dripping derived from dew, mist, and rain, affect the behavior and substrate selection of small terrestrial molluscs, such as Tikoconus costarricanus, which inhabit shrubs in humid tropical montane forests. There is also a preference of some parts of a leaf, for example, in some cases the lower side is preferred, possibly because it has better humidity and protects small snails from the impact of raindrops.




Shell description


These minute snails have a shell which is roundly conical and broad-based, like the shape of an old-fashioned European woven bee hive or skep. For this reason these snails are sometimes known as "hive snails".
The shells of most Euconulidae are only about 3 mm in size, amber-colored and translucent.




Anatomy


In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).




Genera


Subfamilies and genera in the family Euconulidae include:
Euconulinae

Afroconulus Van Mol & van Bruggen, 1971
Afroguppya de Winter & Bruggen, 1992
Afropunctum F. Haas, 1934
Cancelloconus I. Rensch, 1932
Coneuplecta Möllendorff, 1893
Diepenheimia Preston, 1913
Discoconulus Reinhardt, 1883
Dryachloa F. G. Thompson & H. G. Lee, 1980
Euconulus Reinhardt, 1883 - type genus of the family Euconulidae
Guppya Mörch, 1867
Habroconus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1872
Kororia H. B. Baker, 1941
Louisia Godwin-Austen, 1908
Luchuconulus Pilsbry, 1928
Palaua H.B. Baker, 1941
Papuarion Van Mol, 1973
Parasitala Thiele, 1931
Sabalimax Tillier & Bouchet, 1989
Serostena Iredale, 1941
Tikoconus Barrientos, 2019
Velifera W.G. Binney, 1879
Microcystinae

Allenoconcha Preston, 1913
Aukena Baker, 1940
Cookeana
Diastole Gude, 1913
Faunulena
Greenwoodoconcha
Hiona Cooke, 1940
Innesoconcha Iredale, 1944
Iredaleoconcha Preston, 1913
Kaala
Kusaiea Baker, 1938
Lamprocystis
Liardetia
Melloconcha Iredale, 1944
Mendana
Microcystis
Nancibella
Periclocystis
Philonesia Sykes, 1900
Piena
Pukaloa
Tengchiena




Cladogram


The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family with the other families within the limacoid clade:




References






External links


Media related to Euconulidae at Wikimedia Commons

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Pulmonata
• Euconulidae
• Microcystis (gastropod)
• Raphitoma alida
• Ponapea ponapensis
• IUCN Red List endangered species (Animalia)
• List of non-marine molluscs of Brazil
• List of non-marine molluscs of the Loyalty Islands
• Iredaleoconcha
• List of non-marine molluscs of Sri Lanka
• Guppya