- Source: External sphincter muscle of male urethra
The external sphincter muscle of the male urethra, also sphincter urethrae membranaceae, sphincter urethrae externus, surrounds the whole length of the membranous urethra, and is enclosed in the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm.
Its external fibers arise from the junction of the inferior pubic ramus and ischium to the extent of 1.25 to 2 cm., and from the neighboring fascia.
They arch across the front of the urethra and bulbourethral glands, pass around the urethra, and behind it unite with the muscle of the opposite side, by means of a tendinous raphe.
Its innermost fibers form a continuous circular investment for the membranous urethra.
Function
The muscle helps maintain continence of urine along with the internal urethral sphincter which is under control of the autonomic nervous system. The external sphincter muscle prevents urine leakage as the muscle is tonically contracted via somatic fibers that originate in Onuf's nucleus and pass through sacral spinal nerves S2-S4 then the pudendal nerve to synapse on the muscle.
Voiding urine begins with voluntary relaxation of the external urethral sphincter. This is facilitated by inhibition of the somatic neurons in Onuf's nucleus via signals arising in the pontine micturition center and traveling through the descending reticulospinal tracts. During ejaculation, the external sphincter opens and the internal sphincter closes.
Additional images
See also
Levator ani
External sphincter muscle of female urethra
Internal urethral sphincter
Prostatic urethra
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 429 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
External links
Anatomy figure: 41:06-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Muscles of the female urogenital diaphragm (deep perineal pouch) and structures located inferior to it."
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- External sphincter muscle of male urethra
- External sphincter muscle of female urethra
- External sphincter muscle of urethra
- External sphincter muscle
- Internal urethral sphincter
- Urethral sphincters
- Urethra
- Detrusor muscle
- External anal sphincter
- Bulbospongiosus muscle
