• Source: Eyewire

Eyewire is a citizen science game from Sebastian Seung's Lab at Princeton University. It is a human-based computation game that uses players to map retinal neurons. Eyewire launched on December 10, 2012. The game utilizes data generated by the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research.
Eyewire gameplay is used for neuroscience research by enabling the reconstruction of morphological neuron data, which helps researchers model information-processing circuits.




Gameplay


The player is given a cube with a partially reconstructed neuron branch stretching through it. The player completes the reconstruction by coloring a 2D image with a 3D image generated simultaneously. Reconstructions are compared across players as each cube is submitted, yielding a consensus reconstruction that is later checked by experienced players.




Goal


Eyewire is used to advance the use of artificial intelligence in neuronal reconstruction. The project is also used in research determining how mammals see directional motion.




Methods


The activity of each neuron in a 350 × 300 × 60 μm3 portion of a retina was determined by two-photon microscopy. Using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, the same volume was stained to bring out the contrast of the plasma membranes, sliced into layers by a microtome, and imaged using an electron microscope.
A neuron is selected by the researchers. The program chooses a cubic volume associated with that neuron for the player, along with an artificial intelligence's best guess for tracing the neuron through the two-dimensional images.




Publications


Kim, Jinseop S; Greene, Matthew J; Zlateski, Aleksandar; Lee, Kisuk; Richardson, Mark; Turaga, Srinivas C; Purcaro, Michael; Balkam, Matthew; Robinson, Amy; Behabadi, Bardia F; Campos, Michael; Denk, Winfried; Seung, H Sebastian (2014). "Space–time wiring specificity supports direction selectivity in the retina". Nature. 509 (7500): 331–336. Bibcode:2014Natur.509..331.. doi:10.1038/nature13240. PMC 4074887. PMID 24805243.
Greene, Matthew J; Kim, Jinseop S; Seung, H Sebastian (2016). "Analogous Convergence of Sustained and Transient Inputs in Parallel on and off Pathways for Retinal Motion Computation". Cell Reports. 14 (8): 1892–900. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.001. PMC 6404534. PMID 26904938.
Tinati, Ramine; Luczak-Roesch, Markus; Simperl, Elena; Hall, Wendy (2017). "An investigation of player motivations in Eyewire, a gamified citizen science project". Computers in Human Behavior. 73: 527–40. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.12.074.




Accomplishments


Eyewire neurons featured at 2014 TED Conference Virtual Reality Exhibit.
Eyewire neurons featured at US Science and Engineering Expo in Washington, DC.
Eyewire won the National Science Foundation's 2013 International Visualization Challenge in the Games and Apps Category.
An Eyewire image by Alex Norton won MIT's 2014 Koch Image Gallery Competition.
Eyewire named one of Discover Magazine's Top 100 Science Stories of 2013.
Eyewire named top citizen science project of 2013 by SciStarter.
Eyewire won Biovision's World Life Sciences Forum Catalyzer Prize on March 26, 2013.
Eyewire named to top 10 citizen science projects of 2013 by PLoS.
Eyewire has been featured by Wired, Nature's blog SpotOn, Forbes, Scientific American, and NPR.




References






External links


Official website

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Eyewire
• Sebastian Seung
• Brain mapping
• Greg Kolodziejzyk
• Retina
• Connectomics
• Ptosis crutches
• Be My Eyes
• Human-based computation game
• List of citizen science projects