- Source: Flat spot (reflection seismology)
In reflection seismology, a flat spot is a seismic attribute anomaly that appears as a horizontal reflector cutting across the stratigraphy elsewhere present on the seismic image. Its appearance can indicate the presence of hydrocarbons. Therefore, it is known as a direct hydrocarbon indicator and is used by geophysicists in hydrocarbon exploration.
Theory
A flat spot can result from the increase in acoustic impedance when a gas-filled porous rock (with a lower acoustic impedance) overlies a liquid-filled porous rock (with a higher acoustic impedance). It may stand out on a seismic image because it is flat and will contrast with surrounding dipping reflections.
Caution
There are a number of other possible reasons for there being a flat spot on a seismic image. It could be representative of a mineralogical change in the subsurface or an unresolved shallower multiple. Additionally, the interpretation of a flat spot should be attempted after depth conversion to confirm that the anomaly is actually flat.
See also
Bright spot
Seismic attribute
Reflection seismology
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Flat spot (reflection seismology)
- Reflection seismology
- Flat spot (disambiguation)
- Hydrocarbon indicator
- Frigg gas field
- Satellite Internet access
- Hydrocarbon exploration
- Eugene Island block 330 oil field
- Seismic source
- Anahim hotspot
