• Source: French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation

The National Institute for Research in Digital Science and Technology (Inria) (French: Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique) is a French national research institution focusing on computer science and applied mathematics.
It was created under the name French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (IRIA) (French: Institut de recherche en informatique et en automatique) in 1967 at Rocquencourt near Paris, part of Plan Calcul. Its first site was the historical premises of SHAPE (central command of NATO military forces), which is still used as Inria's main headquarters. In 1980, IRIA became INRIA. Since 2011, it has been styled Inria.
Inria is a Public Scientific and Technical Research Establishment (EPST) under the double supervision of the French Ministry of National Education, Advanced Instruction and Research and the Ministry of Economy, Finance and Industry.




Administrative status



Inria has nine research centers distributed across France (in Bordeaux, Grenoble-Inovallée, Lille, Lyon, Nancy, Paris-Rocquencourt, Rennes, Saclay, and Sophia Antipolis) and one center abroad in Santiago de Chile, Chile. It also contributes to academic research teams outside of those centers.
Inria Rennes is part of the joint Institut de recherche en informatique et systèmes aléatoires (IRISA) with several other entities.
Before December 2007, the three centers of Bordeaux, Lille and Saclay formed a single research center called INRIA Futurs.
In October 2010, Inria, with Pierre and Marie Curie University (Now Sorbonne University) and Paris Diderot University started IRILL, a center for innovation and research initiative for free software.
Inria employs 3800 people. Among them are 1300 researchers, 1000 Ph.D. students and 500 postdoctorates.




Research




Inria does both theoretical and applied research in computer science. In the process, it has produced many widely used programs, such as

Bigloo, a Scheme implementation
CADP, a tool box for the verification of asynchronous concurrent systems
Caml, a language from the ML family
Caml Light and OCaml implementations
Chorus, microkernel-based distributed operating system
CompCert, verified C compiler for PowerPC, ARM and x86_32
Contrail
Coq, a proof assistant
CYCLADES, pioneered the use of datagrams, functional layering, and the end-to-end strategy.
Eigen (C++ library)
Esterel, a programming language for State Automata
Geneauto — code-generation from model
Graphite, a research platform for computer graphics, 3D modeling and numerical geometry
Gudhi — A C++ library with Python interface for computational topology and topological data analysis
Le Lisp, a portable Lisp implementation
medInria, a medical image processing software, popularly used for MRI images.
GNU MPFR, an arbitrary-precision floating-point library
OpenViBE, a software platform dedicated to designing, testing and using brain–computer interfaces.
Pharo, an open-source Smalltalk derived from Squeak [1].
scikit-learn, a machine learning software package
Scilab, a numerical computation software package
SimGrid
SmartEiffel, a free Eiffel compiler
SOFA, an open source framework for multi-physics simulation with an emphasis on medical simulation.
TOM, a pattern matching language
ViSP, an open source visual servoing platform library
XtreemFS
XtreemOS, a grid distributed operating system
Zenon, an extensible automated theorem prover producing checkable proofs
Inria furthermore leads French AI Research, ranking 12th worldwide in 2019, based on accepted publications at the prestigious Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems.




History


During the summer of 1988, the INRIA connected its Sophia-Antipolis unit to the NSFNet via Princeton using a satellite link leased to France Telecom and MCI. The link became operational on 8 August 1988, and allowed INRIA researchers to access the US network and allowed NASA researchers access to an astronomical database based in Strasbourg. This was the first international connection to NSFNET and the first time that French networks were connected directly to a network using TCP/IP, the Internet protocol. The Internet in France was limited to research and education for some years to come.




References






Further reading


Beltran, Alain; Griset, Pascal (2007). Histoire d'un pionnier de l'informatique: 40 ans de recherche à l'Inria [Story of a computer pioneer: 40 years of research at INRIA] (in French). EDP Sciences. ISBN 978-2-86883-806-3.




External links


Media related to INRIA at Wikimedia Commons
Official website (in English)




See also


Stratégie nationale pour l'intelligence artificielle

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Solidity
• French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation
• Scikit-learn
• Caml
• F* (programming language)
• OCaml
• Le Lisp
• Bonita BPM
• ChorusOS
• Sorbonne University Alliance
• RIOT (operating system)