- Source: General Electric Co. v. Gilbert
General Electric Co. v. Gilbert, 429 U.S. 125 (1976), is a 1976 United States Supreme Court case authored by Chief Justice William Rehnquist concerning gender-based discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In a 6–3 decision, the Court held that pregnancy could reasonably be excluded from an employer's the disability benefits plan. The Court's majority opinion applied its conclusion in Geduldig v. Aiello (1974), which held that exclusion of pregnancy from a disability plan did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Without a showing that pregnancy-based distinctions are "mere pretexts designed to effect an invidious discrimination", Geduldig required only a reasonable basis for the pregnancy-based distinction.
The decision in Gilbert generated considerable backlash and prompted Congress to abrogate it by passing the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978. The Supreme Court itself later acknowledged that this Act had overturned its holding in Gilbert, namely, that pregnancy discrimination was not unlawful sex discrimination under Title VII.
References
External links
Text of General Electric Co. v. Gilbert, 429 U.S. 125 (1976) is available from: CourtListener Google Scholar Justia Library of Congress Oyez (oral argument audio)
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