• Source: Gmelina arborea

Gmelina arborea, (in English beechwood, gmelina, goomar teak, Kashmir tree, Malay beechwood, white teak, yamane ), locally known as gamhar, is a fast-growing deciduous tree in the family Lamiaceae.




Distribution and habitat



Gmelina arborea grows naturally throughout India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and in southern provinces of China. It is found at altitudes from sea level to 1,500 metres (5,000 ft). Since the 1960s, it has been introduced extensively as fast-growing timber trees in Brazil, Gambia, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Malaysia, Malawi, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Sierra Leone. It is also planted in gardens and avenues.




Utilization of the species



The Lion Throne, the most important, and last surviving, of the eight royal thrones of Myanmar, now in the National Museum in Yangon, is carved from Gmelina arborea wood.




Chemistry


Lignans, such as 6" - bromo - isoarboreol, 4-hydroxysesamin, 4,8-dihydroxysesamin, 1,4-dihydroxysesamin (gummadiol), 2-piperonyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-(α-hydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran and the 4-O-glucoside of 4-epigummadiol, can be isolated from the heartwood of Gmelina arborea. The parent compounds are arboreol or gmelanone.
Umbelliferone 7-apiosylglucoside can be isolated from the root.
Five constituents, isolated from the heartwood of G. arborea, (+)-7′-O-ethyl arboreol, (+)-paulownin, (+)-gmelinol, (+)-epieudesmin and (−)-β-sitosterol, show antifungal activity against Trametes versicolor.




References



GAMHAR (Gmelina arborea): Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun
Crop index at the Purdue University




External links


Media related to Gmelina arborea at Wikimedia Commons
Gmelina arborea in West African plants – A Photo Guide.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Jati putih
• Gmelina
• Taman Hutan Raya Bukit Soeharto
• Puspa Hutan Kota Bungkirit
• Hutan Kota Bungkirit
• Taman Hutan Raya Abdul Latief
• Jati
• Gmelina arborea
• Gmelina
• Estelita Bantilan
• Nawabganj National Park
• Jari project
• Manas National Park
• Yorubaland
• Cosmoclostis aglaodesma
• Acrocercops mechanopla
• Beechwood