• Source: Grand Orient of Belgium

      • The Grand Orient of Belgium (French: Grand Orient de Belgique, Dutch: Grootoosten van Belgie; or G.O.B.) is a Belgian cupola of masonic lodges which is only accessible for men, and works in the basic three symbolic degrees of freemasonry.


      History



      The Grand Orient of Belgium was founded in 1833, three years after the independence of Belgium. The Grand Orient joins the Grand Orient of France and other Continental jurisdictions in not requiring initiates to believe in a Supreme Being (Great Architect of the Universe). This meant that in the 1870s the Orient broke with the United Grand Lodge of England.
      In 1921, the Grand Orient of Belgium was a founding and influential member within the International Masonic Association. It remained a member of this international alliance until 1950. During World War II, members of the Grand Orient of Belgium founded the Lodge Liberté chérie in a Nazi concentration camp and the Lodge l'Obstinée in a Nazi prisoner-of-war camp.
      In 1959 five lodges of the Grand Orient of Belgium founded the Grand Lodge of Belgium in order to regain recognition by the United Grand Lodge of England which was lost in 1979. The Grand Orient of Belgium became a founding member of the Centre de Liaison et d'Information des Puissances maçonniques Signataires de l'Appel de Strasbourg (CLIPSAS) in 1961, but left in 1996 with the Grand Orient of France over disputes about the place of religious belief. In 1989 the Grand Orient of Belgium, the Grand Lodge of Belgium, the Women's Grand Lodge Of Belgium and the Belgian Federation of Le Droit Humain signed an agreement of mutual recognition. In 1998, these anti-clerical and atheistic Grand Orients founded the International Secretariat of the Masonic Adogmatic Powers (SIMPA), but by 2008, the Belgium Grand Orient had rejoined CLIPSAS.


      Grand Masters


      1833 - 1835 : Joseph-Marie de Frenne
      1835 - 1842 : Goswin de Stassart
      1842 - 1854 : Eugène Defacqz
      1854 - 1862 : Théodore Verhaegen
      1866 - 1868 : Joseph Van Schoor
      1869 - 1871 : Pierre Van Humbeek
      1871 - 1874 : Auguste Couvreur
      1875 - 1877 : Henri Bergé
      1877 - 1880 : Auguste Couvreur
      1881 - 1883 : Henri Bergé
      1896 - 1898 : Henri Bergé
      1884 - 1886 : Eugène Goblet d'Alviella
      1887 - 1889 : Victor Lynen
      1890 - 1892 : Ernest Reisse
      1893 - 1895 : Auguste Houzeau de Lehaie
      1899 - 1901 : Gustave Royers
      1902 - 1904 : Fernand Cocq
      1905 - 1907 : Jean-Laurent Hasse
      1908 - 1910 : Joseph Descamps
      1911 - 1913 : Fernand Cocq
      1914 - 1921 : Charles Magnette
      1922 - 1924 : Fernand Levêque
      1925 - 1927 : Charles Magnette
      1928 - 1930 : Raoul Engel
      1931 - 1933 : Victor Carpentier
      1934 - 1936 : Paul Erculisse
      1936 - 1944 : François Bovesse
      1944 - 1944 : Jules Hiernaux
      1945 - 1947 : Leonce Mardens
      1947 - 1950 : Edmond Troch
      1950 - 1953 : Walther Bourgeois
      1954 - 1957 : Robert Hamaide
      1957 - 1959 : Leopold Remouchamps
      1960 - 1961 : Georges Beernaerts
      1962 - 1962 : Charles Castel
      1963 - 1965 : Henri Bonet
      1966 - 1968 : Robert Dille
      1969 - 1971 : Victor-Gaston Martiny
      1971 - 1974 : Pierre Burton
      1974 - 1977 : Jaak Nutkievitz
      1977 - 1981 : Nicolas Bontyès
      1981 - 1984 : André-Louis Mechelynck
      1984 - 1987 : Sylvain Loccufier
      1987 - 1990 : Guy Vlaeminck
      1990 - 1993 : Louis Dengis
      1993 - 1996 : Dimitri Sfingopoulos
      1996 - 1999 : Pierre Klees
      1999 - 2001 : Adolphe Adolphy
      2005 - 2008 : Henri Bartholomeeusen
      2008 - 2011 : Bertrand Fondu
      2011 - 2014 : Jozef Asselbergh
      2014 - 2017 : Marc Menschaert
      2017 - 2020 : Henry Charpentier
      2020 - 2023 : Alain Cornet
      2024 - 2027 : Patrick Cauwert


      Notable members



      Jules Anspach, 1829–1879.
      Jules Bordet, 1870–1961, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1919)
      François Bovesse, 1890–1944.
      Léo Campion, 1905–1992.
      Charles De Coster, 1827–1879.
      Ovide Decroly, 1871–1932.
      Eugène Goblet d'Alviella, 1846–1925.
      Victor Horta, 1861–1947.
      Paul Hymans, 1865–1941, first President of the League of Nations
      Henri La Fontaine, 1854–1943, Nobel Peace Prize (1913)
      Charles-Joseph de Ligne, 1735–1814.
      Charles Magnette, 1863–1937.
      Constantin Meunier, 1831–1905.
      Edmond Picard, 1836–1924.
      Jean Rey, 1902–1983, second President of the European Commission
      Félicien Rops, 1833–1898.
      Goswin de Stassart, 1780–1854, First Grand Master 1833–1841, styled himself only Grand Senior Warden and Acting Grandmaster in the hope that King Leopold I would accept a nominal title of Grandmaster. (He didn't.)
      Emile Vandervelde, 1866–1938.
      Théodore Verhaegen, 1796–1862, Grand Master 1854 - 1862, founder of the Université Libre de Bruxelles
      Henri Vieuxtemps, 1820–1881.


      Relationship with the Roman Catholic Church


      The GOB has often had a difficult relationship with the Roman Catholic Church (see Catholicism and Freemasonry). The Grand Orient was seen as the main source of anticlericalism during the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.


      See also


      Freemasonry in Belgium
      History of Freemasonry in Belgium
      International Secretariat of the Masonic Adogmatic Powers
      Regular Grand Lodge of Belgium


      References



      Hugo De Schampeleire, Els Witte, Fernand V. Borne, Bibliografische bijdrage tot de geschiedenis der Belgische vrijmetselarij, 1798-1855, Brussel 1973
      Andries Van den Abeele, De Kinderen Van Hiram, Brussel, Roularta, 1991
      Hervé Hasquin (ed.), Visages de la franc-maçonner ie belge du XVIIIe au XXe siècle, Ed. ULB, Bruxelles, 1983
      Michel Huysseune, Vrijmetselarij, mythe en realiteit, EPO pub., 1988
      Jo Gérard, La franc-maçonnerie en Belgique, Bruxelles 1988


      External links


      Official website

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