- Source: Gyraulus
Gyraulus is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.
The genus Gyraulus is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils attributed to Gyraulus sp. have been found in the lakebottom sediments of the Yixian Formation in China, dating to 125 million years ago.
The minute species Gyraulus crista, although technically a pulmonate gastropod, does not use air for respiration, but instead has a mantle cavity which has much water.
Distribution
The distribution of this genus is Holarctic.
Habitat
These snail snails live on water plants in freshwater.
Shell description
Shell of the species within this genus are small, and are mostly almost planispiral in their coiling.
Species
Species within the genus Gyraulus include:
subgenus Armiger W. Hartmann, 1843
Gyraulus crista (Linnaeus, 1758) - Nautilus ramshorn
† Gyraulus cristaeformis (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
† Gyraulus decorus (Roshka, 1973)
† Gyraulus geniculatus (Sandberger, 1875)
† Gyraulus gracilis (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
† Gyraulus lenapalus (Bourguignat, 1881)
† Gyraulus lluecai (Royo Gómez, 1922)
† Gyraulus nautiliformis (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
† Gyraulus subptychophorus (Halaváts, 1903)
subgenus Carinogyraulus Polinski, 1929: represented as Gyraulus
subgenus Gyraulus Charpentier, 1837
subgenus Lamorbis Starobogatov, 1967: represented as Gyraulis
subgenus Nautilinus Mousson, 1872
Gyraulus clymene (Shuttleworth, 1852)
subgenus Torquis Dall, 1905
Gyraulus laevis (Alder, 1838)
subgenus ?
Species inquirenda
Gyraulus acutus Clessin, 1907
Gyraulus percarinatus Paraense, 2000 name unavailable under ICZN Art. 16.4)
Species brought into synonymy
Gyraulus deformis Hartmann, 1844: synonym of Gyraulus acronicus (Férussac, 1807)
† Gyraulus trochiformis applanatus (Thomä, 1845): synonym of † Gyraulus applanatus (Thomä, 1845)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis applanatus var. ludovici (Noulet, 1854): synonym of † Gyraulus ludovici (Noulet, 1854)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis kleini var. aequeumbilicatus (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † Gyraulus kleini (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis kleini var. subinvolutus Gottschick, 1920: synonym of † Gyraulus kleini (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis kleini var. subkleini Gottschick, 1920: synonym of † Gyraulus kleini (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis steinheimensis var. parvus (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † Gyraulus steinheimensis (Hilgendorf, 1867)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis subhemistoma var. teres (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † Gyraulus minutus (Hilgendorf, 1867)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis subhemistoma var. triquetrus (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † Gyraulus triquetrus (Hilgendorf, 1867)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis trochiformis var. elegans (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † Gyraulus trochiformis (Stahl, 1824)
† Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis trochiformis var. turbiniformis (von Zieten, 1832): synonym of † Gyraulus trochiformis (Stahl, 1824)
References
External links
BioLib taxonomy info
Gyraulus images at Consortium for the Barcode of Life