- Source: HD 161056
HD 161056 (HIP 86768, HR 6601) is a bluish-white hued star in the equatorial constellation of Ophiuchus. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.32, placing it near the limit for naked eye visibility under dark skies. The object is located approximately 1,340 light-years (410 parsecs) distant according to Gaia EDR3 parallax measurements, but it is moving closer at a heliocentric radial velocity of −26.0 km/s.
It is a luminous early B-type star, but its spectral type varies from publication to publication, most often between B1.5V, implying a hot main-sequence star, and B3II/III, indicative of a slightly cooler blue giant.
In Chinese astronomy, the star was given the name Shìlóuliù (Chinese: 市樓六), meaning it was the sixth star of the asterism Shìlóu (市樓, "Municipal Office") in the Heavenly Market enclosure.
Polarimetry
In 1985, the star was suggested as a standard for polarimetric observations via the Hubble Space Telescope, since the star's large distance from Earth produces a large interstellar polarization and its high luminosity makes it easily visible at such distances. In 1988, however, it was found that the star was slightly variable in polarization, and thus unsuitable as a standard star.
Nevertheless, Hubble observed the star's ultraviolet interstellar polarization, thanks to it having been well-researched in the visible spectrum, presenting results consistent with Serkowski's law—an empirical formula regarding the dependency of interstellar polarization on wavelength. The extensive collected polarization spectrum showed a close match to what would be expected from an interstellar dust composition of pure amorphous forsterite.
Spectroscopy
In addition to polarimetry, spectroscopic observations have also been conducted on HD 161056 to provide insight into the interstellar medium. The ESO Diffuse Interstellar Bands Large Exploration Survey (EDIBLES) detected signatures of diatomic carbon and tricarbon molecules in interstellar clouds surrounding the star.
Near-infrared spectroscopy has revealed signs of weak stellar emission lines of doubly ionized magnesium and singly ionized helium.
Runaway star
HD 161056 is a runaway star and a candidate for producing a bow shock observable in the infrared. Such stars commonly originate in multiple star systems, from which they were ejected due to gravitational interactions or supernovae of their companions, and indeed it is possible that the star could have been in a binary system with the pulsar PSR B1929+10 about 1.1 million years ago, when it was located in the vicinity of IC 4665. However, Zeta Ophiuchi is considered more likely to have been its binary companion, in which scenario the pair possibly split up around 900,000 years ago.
See also
Ophiuchus in Chinese astronomy
List of Chinese star names