- Source: Hermit kingdom
The term hermit kingdom is an epithet used to refer to any country, organization or society that willfully isolate itself off, either metaphorically or physically, from the rest of the world. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) is commonly cited as a prominent example of a hermit kingdom in the present day.
Historic use: Korea
The first country to be described as a "hermit kingdom" was Korea during the Joseon dynasty, in William Elliot Griffis's 1882 book Korea: The Hermit Nation.
Korea, which had become increasingly isolationist since the 17th century, was frequently described as a hermit kingdom until 1905, when it became a protectorate of Japan.
Cold War uses
During the Cold War, Enver Hoxha's Albania was widely considered a "hermit kingdom" as it was a Stalinist regime, did not allow ordinary citizens out of the country, and pursued autarky to become entirely self-sufficient. Unlike North Korea, Hoxha's regime, after the Sino-Albanian split, refused to ally with anyone and was hostile towards the entire world, which made it more isolationist than North Korea, which was then Stalinist but was allied with other Eastern Bloc states and did not become isolationist until after the end of the Cold War.
Modern use
Today, the term is often applied to North Korea in news and social media, and in 2009, it was used by Hillary Clinton, then the United States Secretary of State.
Other current countries considered isolationist "hermit kingdoms" include Turkmenistan,
Belarus,
Eritrea,
and the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
Historically, the term has been applied to Nepal,
Ladakh,
and Bhutan
in the Himalayas.
Other uses
The term "hermit kingdom" has also been used to describe Western Australia when it closed its borders during the COVID pandemic.
See also
Haijin – Isolationist policy in early modern China
Sakoku – Japanese isolationist policy from 1633–1853
Kim Il Sung – Supreme Leader of North Korea from 1948 to 1994
Isolationism – Policy against engaging in international relations
References
Further reading
Fischer, David Hackett (1970). Historians' Fallacies: Toward a Logic of Historical Thought. Harper Perennial. ISBN 0-06-131545-1.
Seth, Michael J. (Fall 2008). "Korea: From Hermit Kingdom to Colony". Association for Asian Studies. 13 (2: Asia in World History: 1750-1914): 28–33. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Inminban
- Penindasan Katolik tahun 1801
- Yeonguijeong
- Hak LGBT di Korea Utara
- Kim Pyong-il
- Istana Matahari Kumsusan
- Stadion Kim Il-sung
- Kultus individu Korea Utara
- Gereja Tritunggal Pemberi Hidup
- Perbatasan Korea Utara-Rusia
- Hermit kingdom
- North Korea
- Joseon
- Hermit
- Ecuadorian hermit crab
- Hermit crab
- Pyongyang
- Caribbean hermit crab
- Pagurus pollicaris
- Kumsusan Palace of the Sun
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