- Source: International Range Officers Association
- Negara Islam Irak dan Syam
- San Francisco
- Matriks stokastik
- Metaloid
- Perang Nagorno-Karabakh
- Daftar julukan kota di Amerika Serikat
- Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
- International Range Officers Association
- International Practical Shooting Confederation
- Referee
- Iroa
- National and Local Government Officers' Association
- American Association for Nude Recreation
- Authorised firearms officer
- Trade association
- Long Range Desert Group
- World Athletics
The International Range Officers Association (IROA) is a part of International Practical Shooting Confederation with the responsibility to train and certify their own dedicated range officials (referees), who are responsible for conducting matches safely, fair and according to the rules. In addition, each IPSC region have their own National Range Officers Institute (NROI) under the IROA.
In matches, range officials from IROA and NROI can work alongside in the ranks:
Range Officer (RO) - The Range Officer gives the competitors stage briefings, issue range commands and follows the competitor through the conduction of the stage to monitor time, scores and safe firearms handling.
Chief Range Officer (CRO) - In case there are several Range Officers, a Chief Range Officer will be assigned to have the primary authority over the particular course. Like the RO, the CRO will oversee fair and consistent application of the rules.
Range Master (RM) - The Range Master has the overall authority over the entire range during the match, including all Match Officials and the overall safety.
See also
Shot timer
Scoring gauge