• Source: Italian corvette Vettor Pisani

Vettor Pisani was a screw corvette of the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) built in the late 1860s and early 1870s. The ship left Italy in 1882 for a three-year voyage round the world.




Design



The design for Vettor Pisani was prepared by the naval engineer Giuseppe Micheli. Vettor Pisani was 65.1 meters (213 ft 7 in) long between perpendiculars, and she had a beam of 11.84 m (38 ft 10 in) and an average draft of 5.28 m (17 ft 4 in). She displaced 1,676 long tons (1,703 t). She had a crew of 226.
Her propulsion system consisted of a single marine steam engine that drove a single screw propeller. Steam was supplied by a pair of coal-fired fire-tube boilers that were manufactured by the firm Guppy of Naples. Vettor Pisani could steam at a top speed of 9.76 knots (18.08 km/h; 11.23 mph) from 1,004 indicated horsepower (749 kW). To supplement the steam engines, she was fitted with a full ship rig.
The main battery for Vettor Pisani consisted of six 120-millimeter (4.7 in) muzzle-loading guns, three guns per broadside. For close-range defense against torpedo boats, she initially carried a secondary battery of two 75 mm (3 in) guns, two 57 mm (2.2 in) guns, and two 37 mm (1.5 in) guns. During a refit in 1879, she was rearmed with a main battery of ten 120 mm breech-loading guns. Four of these guns were removed in 1885.




Service history



The ship was laid down on 11 May 1867 in the Venice Naval Yard, under the name Briosa. While still under construction in 1868, she was renamed Vettor Pisani, and her completed hull was launched on 22 July 1869. Fitting out was completed by 10 April 1871. After entering service, Vettor Pisani was sent on a cruise abroad, and later in 1871, she had reached Japanese waters. She remained abroad the following year, and during the voyage she visited Australia and New Guinea. She was still in Australian waters in 1873. The ship was modernized in 1879.
Vettor Pisani embarked on a lengthy voyage overseas in the early 1880s with a variety of goals, including training the crew, showing the flag, and conducting extensive scientific experiments. These tests included hydrographic surveys, depth soundings, and collection of marine animals for later study. A temporary laboratory was set up in the gun battery deck. The ship's captain was Commander Giuseppe Palumbo for the duration of the voyage. Lieutenants Cesare Marcacci and Gaetano Chierchia were responsible for supervising most of the experiments, and Chierchia had been sent to study at the Zoological Station at Naples for three months before the trip. Anton Dohrn, the director of the facility, came aboard Vettor Pisani to discuss the expedition before the vessel sent sail, and he later welcomed the ship home. The ship departed from Naples on 20 April 1882.
Vettor Pisani conducted surveys off the coast of South America, including around the Chonos Archipelago between 23 November and 6 December 1882. Later, during an exploration of the Gulf of Corcovado, Vettor Pisani ran aground twice but her crew was able to free the vessel at high tide both times. While there, the captain named several islands that had previously not been named. In early 1883, Vettor Pisani visited Valparaíso, Chile; from there, she sailed to Coquimbo and then Caldera, where she conducted extensive surveys of the coast, which had been dangerous for merchant vessels due to insufficient charts. In March 1884, she arrived in the Galápagos Islands, where she conducted further tests. Vettor Pisani then crossed the Pacific, conducting additional surveys along the way, including near the Hawaiian Islands.
While still overseas later in 1884, Vettor Pisani was sent to East Asian waters to reinforce the Italian presence there, which at that time consisted of the screw corvette Cristoforo Colombo, during a period of tension that resulted in the Sino-French War. Vettor Pisani arrived back in Italy on 29 April 1885, having collected some 1,600 specimens over the course of the voyage. Later that year, she was reduced to a training ship for naval cadets at the Italian naval academy in Livorno. She served in this capacity until the early 1890s, and on 12 February 1893, the Italian navy discarded the ship. Her ultimate fate is unknown.




Notes






References


von Armingen, Friedrich Geitler, ed. (21 May 1873). "Ausland" [Overseas]. Neue Militär-Zeitung [New Military Newspaper] (in German) (41). Vienna: 318. OCLC 224831739.
Cresciani, Gianfranco (2003). The Italians in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521537780.
della Croce, Norberto (2002). "Italian Contributions to the Knowledge of the Southeast Pacific Ocean". In Benson, Keith Rodney; Rehbock, Philip F. (eds.). Oceanographic History: The Pacific and Beyond. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 204–209. ISBN 9780295982397.
China: A Collection of Correspondence and Papers Relating to Chinese Affairs. London: Harrison & Sons. 1885. OCLC 894534063.
Fraccaroli, Aldo (1979). "Italy". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 334–359. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
Groeben, Christiane, ed. (1993). Karl Ernst Von Baer (1792–1876) and Anton Dohrn (1840–1909): Correspondence. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. ISBN 9780871698339.
Ziegler, Johannes, ed. (1871). "Schiffbau in Italien" [Shipbuilding in Italy]. Archiv für Seewesen: Mittheilungen aus dem Gebiete der Nautik, des Schiffbau- und Maschinenwesens, der Artillerie, Wasserbauten, etc. Sowie der Literatur und Bibliographie des Seewesens [Archives for Marine Life: Communications from the Fields of Nautical Science, Shipbuilding, and Mechanical Engineering, Artillery, Hydraulic Engineering, etc. As Well as the Literature and Bibliography of Marine Life]. VII (VIII). Vienna: Drunk und Commissions-Verlag von Carl Gerold's Sohn: 403–407. OCLC 67899261.




Further reading


Groeben, Christiane (December 2006) [1970]. "As it Was". Hydro International. 10 (10). Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2012.

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