- Source: John Stewart of Darnley
Sir John Stewart of Darnley, 1st Comte d'Évreux, 1st Seigneur de Concressault, 1st Seigneur d'Aubigny (c. 1380 – 1429) was a Scottish nobleman and famous military commander who served as Constable of the Scottish Army in France, supporting the French against the English during the Hundred Years War. He was a fourth cousin of King James I of Scotland (reigned 1406 to 1437), the third monarch of the House of Stewart.
Life
The son of Sir Alexander Stewart of Darnley and Janet Keith, he was a distant cousin of the Stewart Kings of Scotland, being descended from the second son of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, Sir John Stewart of Bonkyll.
Darnley inherited his father's estates in 1404, and was knighted c. 1418. In 1418 the Dauphin of France asked James I, King of Scotland, for aid against the English, requesting Darnley by name, and he left in 1419 with the expeditionary force under the Earls of Buchan (Darnley's cousin) and Wigtown. By 1420 Darnley was referred to as Constable of the Scottish Army there.
Darnley fought at the Dauphin's first victory against the English at the Battle of Baugé in 1421. He was made Seigneur of Concressault in 1421. When the Dauphin became Charles VII King of France, Darnley entered his service, and Charles rewarded him with the seigneurie (lordship) of Aubigny-sur-Nère in 1422.
Charles ordered Darnley to cross the Loire and retake Auxerrois and Nevernois, and he besieged Cravant, but was defeated, captured and lost an eye. He was therefore not at the Battle of Verneuil, at which the Franco-Scottish army was heavily defeated. His ransom was reimbursed by Charles, and Darnley commanded the remaining Scots soldiers in France to form what became the Garde Écossaise, or Scottish Guards for the King of France.
Following a victory over the English at Mont Saint-Michel, Darnley was made Count of Évreux to compensate him for his expenses, and Darnley promised to relinquish it for 50,000 gold crowns. Darnley raised the siege of Montargis. Charles, unable to pay him, permitted him to quarter the Fleur-de-Lis to his coat of arms.
In 1428, he along with Renaud of Chartres, the Archbishop of Rheims, returned to Scotland to raise further troops, and to negotiate the future marriage between Princess Margaret of Scotland, and the Charles' son Louis. He returned again to France in 1429, where he took part in the Siege of Orléans where he arrived with 1000 men. Four days later, he commanded the Scottish contingent at the Battle of the Herrings, where he was killed, and his brother William, who tried to rescue him.
John Stewart of Darnley was buried in the Sainte-Croix Cathedral, Orléans.
Marriage
Darnley married Elizabeth, a daughter of Donnchadh, Earl of Lennox c. 1408. She remained in Scotland, but at some time followed Darnley to France, where she died 10 months after him and is buried beside him at Orléans. They had:
Sir Alan Stewart of Darnley, from whom descend the Stewart Earls of Lennox, and James VI of Scotland.
Sir John Stewart, 2nd Lord of Aubigny
Alexander Stewart of Darnley
See also
Duke of Aubigny
Duke of Richmond
Duke of Lennox
Earl of Lennox
Auld Alliance
References
Balfour Paul, Sir James, Scots Peerage, IX vols. Edinburgh 1904.
External links
Scots at the Siege of Orleans (French)
Scots Members of the French Nobility
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- James Charles Stuart
- Mary, Ratu Skotlandia
- Pertempuran Herrings
- Mary Queen of Scots (film 2018)
- John Knox
- James Balfour, Lord Pittendreich
- Matthew Stewart, Earl ke-4 Lennox
- Anna dari Denmark
- John Stewart of Darnley
- Stewart of Darnley
- Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
- Alan Stewart of Darnley
- John Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox
- Lord Darnley
- Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox
- House of Stuart
- Alexander Stewart of Darnley (died 1404)
- Duke of Aubigny
