- Source: Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District
Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District (Russian: Ки́чменгско-Городе́цкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast and borders with Velikoustyugsky District in the north, Podosinovsky District of Kirov Oblast in the northeast, Oparinsky District of Kirov Oblast in the southeast, Vokhomsky District of Kostroma Oblast in the south, Nikolsky and Babushkinsky Districts in the southwest, and with Nyuksensky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 7,025 square kilometers (2,712 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kichmengsky Gorodok. District's population: 18,485 (2010 Census); 22,187 (2002 Census); 26,170 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kichmengsky Gorodok accounts for 34.9% of the district's total population.
Geography
Almost all of the district belongs to the basin of the Yug and two of its main tributaries, the Kichmenga (left) and the Yontala (right). Only a few rivers in the northwest of the district drain into the Sukhona. The Yug starts in the south of the district, flows south, exits the district, then makes a bow through the town of Nikolsk and reenters the district, crossing it from southwest to northeast before entering Kirov Oblast.
Much of the district is covered by coniferous forests (taiga). The district area is hilly and belongs to the Northern Ridge hill chain.
History
The area was populated by Finnic peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. Kichmengsky Gorodok was first mentioned in chronicles in 1468. At that time, the fortress of Kichmengsky Gorodok was dependent on Veliky Ustyug, and Tatars took it and set it to fire, together with all its population.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. From 1719, Kichmengsky Gorodok was in Ustyug Province, one of the four provinces of Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, the governorate was abolished, and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty. The latter was abolished in 1796, and Kichmengsky Gorodok became the seat of Kichmengskaya Volost of Nikolsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate. In 1918, the area was transferred to the newly established Northern Dvina Governorate with the administrative center located in Veliky Ustyug. In 1924, the uyezds were abolished in favor of the new divisions, the districts (raions).
On June 10, 1924, Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District was established. In 1929, Northern Dvina Governorate was merged into Northern Krai. The krai consisted of five okrugs, one of which, Northern Dvina Okrug, had its administrative center in Veliky Ustyug. Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District became a part of Northern Dvina Okrug. In July 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to Northern Krai. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast, and in 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since.
On June 10, 1924, Yenangsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Nizhny Yenangsk was also established. It was abolished on February 27, 1928. Its area was merged into Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District.
Economy
The economy of the district is based on the timber industry. The agriculture specializes mostly on meat and milk production. Traditionally, crops and linum have been grown.
Kichmengsky Gorodok is located on the paved road which connects Kotlas and Veliky Ustyug in the north and Nikolsk and Manturovo in the south. Another, unpaved, road connects Kichmengsky Gorodok with Podosinovets in Kirov Oblast. There is bus traffic in transit, as well as local bus traffic originating from Kichmengsky Gorodok.
Kichmengsky Gorodok is served by the Kichmengsky Gorodok Airport; there is occasional passenger service to Vologda.
Culture and recreation
The district contains twenty-five objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance. Most of these are wooden farms and churches built prior to 1917.
The only state museum in the district is the Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District Museum, founded in 1983 and located in Kichmengsky Gorodok.
References
= Notes
== Sources
=Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №371-ОЗ от 4 июня 1999 г. «О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области», в ред. Закона №2916-ОЗ от 7 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон области "О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №124–125, 29 июля 1999 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #371-OZ of June 4, 1999 On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Law #2916-OZ of December 7, 2012 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Правительство Вологодской области. Постановление №178 от 1 марта 2010 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Вологодской области», в ред. Постановления №686 от 25 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Постановления Правительства области». Вступил в силу 20 марта 2010 г. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №29, 20 марта 2010 г. (Government of Vologda Oblast. Resolution #178 of March 1, 2010 On Adopting the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #686 of June 25, 2012 On Amending Various Resolutions of the Oblast Government. Effective as of March 20, 2010.).
Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №1117-ОЗ от 6 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ Кичменгско-Городецкого муниципального района, границах и статусе муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав», в ред. Закона №3019-ОЗ от 1 апреля 2013 г. «О преобразовании некоторых муниципальных образований Кичменгско-Городецкого муниципального района Вологодской области и о внесении изменений в Закон области "Об установлении границ Кичменгско-Городецкого муниципального района, границах и статусе муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №242, 11 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #1117-OZ of December 6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky Municipal District, on the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Law #3019-OZ of April 1, 2013 On the Transformation of Several Municipal Formations of Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky Municipal District of Vologda Oblast and on Amending the Oblast Law "On Establishing the Borders of Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky Municipal District, on the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations It Comprises". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).
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