• Source: Koiarian languages

The Koiarian languages Koiari are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea.




Languages


The languages are:

Koiaric branch (Koiari): Grass Koiari, Mountain Koiari–Koitabu
Baraic branch (Managalas Plateau): Barai–Namiae, Ese (Managalasi), Ömie
Dutton (2010) classifies the Koiarian languages as:: 3 

Baraic
Ömie
Barai–Managalasi (incl. Namiae)
Koiaric
Mountain Koiari
Koita – Grass Koiari




Proto-language






= Pronouns

=
Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as:




= Vocabulary

=
The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Koiarian and other lower-level reconstructions are from the Trans-New Guinea database:




Evolution


Koiarian reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:
Koiari language:

muka ‘lump’ < *maŋgV ‘round object’
uni ‘egg’ < *mun(a,i,u)ka
idu ‘tree’ < *inda
iya ‘cassowary’ < *ku(y)a
karika ‘dry’ < *(ŋg,k)atata
muni ‘stone < *(na)muna
nana ‘older same-sex sibling’ < *nan(a,i)
u-tuvu ‘ashes’ < *kambu-sumbu
Managalasi language:

ata ‘bone’ < *kondaC
muka ‘lump’ < *maŋgV ‘round object’
iha ‘name’ < *imbi
uma ‘louse’ < *iman
uka ‘bird’ < *yaka
tuua ‘short’ < *tukumba[C]
muna ‘stone’ < *(na)muna
ija ‘tree’ < *inda
otoka ‘knee’ < *(k,ŋg)atuk
kora ‘dry’ < *(ŋg,k)atata




Phonotactics


Like the Binanderean languages, Barai and other Koiarian languages only allow for open syllables and do not allow final CVC.: 87 




References






Further reading


Dutton, Tom. 2003. A dictionary of Koiari, Papua New Guinea, with grammar notes. Pacific Linguistics 534. Canberra: Australian National University.
Proto-Koiarian. TransNewGuinea.org. From Dutton, T.E. 2010. Reconstructing Proto Koiarian: The history of a Papuan language family, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Proto-Koiariac. TransNewGuinea.org. From Dutton, T.E. 2010. Reconstructing Proto Koiarian: The history of a Papuan language family, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Proto-Baraic. TransNewGuinea.org. From Dutton, T.E. 2010. Reconstructing Proto Koiarian: The history of a Papuan language family, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Koiarian languages
• Languages of Papua New Guinea
• Trans–New Guinea languages
• Indo-Pacific languages
• Southeast Papuan languages
• Ömie language
• Grass Koiari language
• Koita language
• Ese language
• Mountain Koiali language