• Source: Levantina

Levantina is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Helicinae of the family Helicidae, the typical snails.




Description


Large rock-dwelling land snails with flatted or less often broadly conical shells, some species or populations with an umbilicus. The shell is keeled in some species, at least in juveniles.




Distribution


The natural distribution range of Levantina stretches from the central Taurus Mountains in southern Turkey soutwards to Israel and Jordan and eastwards to the Alborz Mountains in northern Iran and the Kermanshah Province in western Iran. One species lives on Cyprus, and four have been described from the mountains in the west of Arabian Peninsula.
The L. spiriplana complex has been introduced to Cyprus and the eastern Aegean.




Species


The species-level taxonomy of Levantina is unsettled, because molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial genes found many of the species recognized by morphological revisions to be very closely related. The real number of species may thus be lower than currently assumed.
Levantina longinqua is an enigmatic taxon where only the original series is known. It was allegedly collected south-east of Samarqand, Uzbekistan. That would be the eastern-most natural occurrence of any helicid, but a confirmation is needed.
Levantina semitecta from the northwest of Saudi Arabia is known only from shells.
For several species (L. longinqua, L. mahanica, L. ninivita, L. semitecta), there are no sequence data whatsoever (as of 2023).

Levantina asagittata Neubert, 1998
Levantina asira Neubert, 1998
Levantina bellardi (Mousson, 1854)
Levantina caesareana (Mousson, 1854)
Levantina ceratomma (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)
Levantina djulfensis (Dubois de Montpéreux, 1840)
Levantina escheriana (Bourguignat, 1864)
Levantina guttata (Olivier, 1804)
Levantina kurdistana (L. Pfeiffer, 1861)
Levantina longinqua (Schütt & Subai, 1996)
Levantina mahanica Kobelt, 1910
Levantina mardinensis Kobelt, 1900
Levantina naegelei Kobelt, 1901
Levantina ninivita (Galland, 1885)
Levantina semitecta Neubert, 1998
Levantina spiriplana (Olivier, 1801)
Levantina symensi Neubert, 1998
Levantina thospitis (Schütt & Subai, 1996)
Levantina vanensis (Schütt & Subai, 1996)




References



Olivier G.A. , 1801 Voyage dans l'Empire Ottoman, l'Egypte et la Perse, fait par ordre du Gouvernement, pendant les six premières années de la République. Avec Atlas, vol. 1, p. xii pp. + Évaluation (1 pp.) + 432 pp. + Errata (1 pp.); Atlas, 1st livraison: vii pp., pls 1-17
Tillier S. & Mordan P. , 1983. The conchological collections of Bruguière and Olivier from the Ottoman Empire (1792-1798). Journal of Conchology 31(3): 153-160

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Ghetto Venesia
• Attard
• Adonis
• Flora Lebanon
• Levantina
• Sphaerosyllis levantina
• Cobitis levantina
• Levantina guttata
• Setia levantina
• Terebra levantina
• Aristena
• Levantina bellardi
• Trivia levantina
• Venetian Ghetto