- Source: List of birds of Goa
The Indian state of Goa has 570 bird species within its political boundary. Though Goa does not have a strong history of birding unlike the rest of India, the state has seen a tremendous rise in the amount of ornithological data that has been produced in the last thirty years, primarily due to the efforts of Heinz Lainer's meticulous surveys in the state from the late 80's which led to various important publications. This period also saw Goa emerge as a top bird-watching destination for European birdwatchers visiting the state with numerous trip reports and publications arising from them leading to a robust database of ornithological data.
In the past two decades, bird watching has also become popular in Goa which has resulted in various important publications and records.
The first comprehensive checklist of the birds of Goa by Heinz Lainer listed 382 species. This was followed by a revision of the list by Lainer, which listed 420 species, Parag Rangnekar's compilation, which listed 423 species, ZSI publication on Fauna of Goa which listed 452 species, and the third revision by Lainer, which listed 443. An updated checklist on birds of Goa compiled in 2018 based on robust rules for verification of all records from the state was published in Indian Birds, authored by Pronoy Baidya and Mandar Bhagat. The below list is based on the same and is updated every year. The latest update follows the conventions of the IOC World Bird List, version 11.2, published in 2021. On 13 November 2020, a second edition of the 2018 checklist was published with new additions taking the total species count to 477.
Ducks, geese, and swans
Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae
Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.
Pheasants and allies
Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.
Painted francolin, Francolinus pictus
Grey francolin, Francolinus pondicerianus
Common quail, Coturnix coturnix
Rain quail, Coturnix coromandelica
King quail, Excalfactoria chinensis
Jungle bush quail, Perdicula asiatica
Rock bush quail, Perdicula argoondah
Painted bush quail, Perdicula erythrorhyncha
Red spurfowl, Galloperdix spadicea
Grey junglefowl, Gallus sonneratii
Indian peafowl, Pavo cristatus
Frogmouths
Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Podargidae
The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bill and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects.
Sri Lanka frogmouth, Batrachostomus moniliger
Nightjars
Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.
Great eared nightjar, Lyncornis macrotis
Jungle nightjar, Caprimulgus indicus
Jerdon's nightjar, Caprimulgus atripennis
Indian nightjar, Caprimulgus asiaticus
Savanna nightjar, Caprimulgus affinis
Treeswifts
Order: Apodiformes Family: Hemiprocnidae
The treeswifts, also called crested swifts, are closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage.
Crested treeswift, Hemiprocne coronata
Swifts
Order: Apodiformes Family: Apodidae
Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.
Indian swiftlet, Aerodramus unicolor
White-rumped spinetail, Zoonavena sylvatica
Brown-backed needletail, Hirundapus giganteus
Asian palm swift, Cypsiurus balasiensis
Alpine swift, Tachymarptis melba
Common swift, Apus apus
Blyth's swift, Apus leuconyx
Little swift, Apus affinis
Bustards
Order: Otidiformes Family: Otididae
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.
Lesser florican, Sypheotides indicus (A)
Cuckoos
Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Many are brood parasites.
Sandgrouse
Order: Pterocliformes Family: Pteroclidae
Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.
Chestnut-bellied sandgrouse, Pterocles exustus
Painted sandgrouse, Pterocles indicus
Pigeons and doves
Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
Rock dove, Columba livia
Nilgiri wood pigeon, Columba elphinstonii
Oriental turtle dove, Streptopelia orientalis
Eurasian collared dove, Streptopelia decaocto
Red collared dove, Streptopelia tranquebarica
Spotted dove, Spilopelia chinensis
Laughing dove, Spilopelia senegalensis
Common emerald dove, Chalcophaps indica
Orange-breasted green pigeon, Treron bicinctus
Grey-fronted green pigeon, Treron affinis
Yellow-footed green pigeon, Treron phoenicopterus
Green imperial pigeon, Ducula aenea
Mountain imperial pigeon, Ducula badia
Pied imperial pigeon, Ducula bicolor
Rails, crakes, and coots
Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.
Water rail, Rallus aquaticus
Slaty-breasted rail, Lewinia striata
Spotted crake, Porzana porzana
Common moorhen, Gallinula chloropus
Eurasian coot, Fulica atra
Grey-headed swamphen, Porphyrio poliocephalus
Ruddy-breasted crake, Zapornia fusca
Brown crake, Zapornia akool
Baillon's crake, Zapornia pusilla
Little crake, Zapornia parva
Slaty-legged crake, Rallina eurizonoides (recent record)
Watercock, Gallicrex cinerea
White-breasted waterhen, Amaurornis phoenicurus
Grebes
Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.
Little grebe, Tachybaptus ruficollis
Flamingos
Order: Phoenicopteriformes Family: Phoenicopteridae
Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.
Greater flamingo, Phoenicopterus roseus
Lesser flamingo, Phoenicopterus minor
Buttonquail
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Turnicidae
The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.
Common buttonquail, Turnix sylvaticus
Yellow-legged buttonquail, Turnix tanki
Barred buttonquail, Turnix suscitator
Crab-plover
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Dromadidae
The crab-plover is related to the waders. It resembles a plover but with very long grey legs and a strong heavy black bill similar to a tern. It has black-and-white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet and a bill designed for eating crabs.
Crab-plover, Dromas ardeola
Stone-curlews and thick-knees
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.
Indian stone-curlew, Burhinus indicus
Great stone-curlew, Esacus recurvirostris
Oystercatchers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.
Eurasian oystercatcher, Haematopus ostralegus
Stilts and avocets
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.
Black-winged stilt, Himantopus himantopus
Pied avocet, Recurvirostra avosetta
Plovers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.
Yellow-wattled lapwing, Vanellus malabaricus
Grey-headed lapwing, Vanellus cinereus
Red-wattled lapwing, Vanellus indicus
Sociable lapwing, Vanellus gregarius (A)
White-tailed lapwing, Vanellus leucurus
Pacific golden plover, Pluvialis fulva
Grey plover, Pluvialis squatarola
Common ringed plover, Charadrius hiaticula
Little ringed plover, Charadrius dubius
Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus
Lesser sand plover, Charadrius mongolus
Greater sand plover, Charadrius leschenaultii
Caspian plover, Charadrius asiaticus
Painted-snipes
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae
Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.
Greater painted-snipe, Rostratula benghalensis
Jacanas
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae
The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.
Pheasant-tailed jacana, Hydrophasianus chirurgus
Bronze-winged jacana, Metopidius indicus
Sandpipers and snipes
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.
Coursers and pratincoles
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards.
Indian courser, Cursorius coromandelicus
Collared pratincole, Glareola pratincola
Oriental pratincole, Glareola maldivarum
Small pratincole, Glareola lactea
Gulls, terns, and skimmers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae
Laridae is a family of both gulls and terns. Gulls are medium to large seabirds including kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.
Skuas
The skuas () are a group of seabirds with about seven species forming the family Stercorariidae and the genus Stercorarius. The three smaller skuas are called jaegers.
Brown skua, Stercorarius antarcticus
Pomarine jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus
Parasitic jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus
Tropicbirds
Order: Phaethontiformes Family: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are a family, Phaethontidae, of tropical pelagic seabirds. They are the sole living representatives of the order Phaethontiformes. For many years they were considered part of the Pelecaniformes, but genetics indicates they are most closely related to the Eurypygiformes.
Red-billed tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus
Austral storm petrels
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Oceanitidae
The storm petrels are relatives of the petrels and are the smallest seabirds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.
Wilson's storm petrel, Oceanites oceanicus
Northern storm petrels
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae
Swinhoe's storm petrel, Hydrobates monorhis (A)
Petrels, shearwaters, and diving petrels
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.
Streaked shearwater, Calonectris leucomelas
Wedge-tailed shearwater, Ardenna pacifica
Flesh-footed shearwater, Ardenna carneipes (A)
Persian shearwater, Puffinus persicus
Jouanin's petrel, Bulweria fallax
Storks
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.
Painted stork, Mycteria leucocephala
Asian openbill, Anastomus oscitans
Black stork, Ciconia nigra
Woolly-necked stork, Ciconia episcopus
White stork, Ciconia ciconia
Black-necked stork, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
Lesser adjutant, Leptoptilos javanicus
Frigatebirds
Order: Suliformes Family: Fregatidae
Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.
Great frigatebird, Fregata minor (A)
Lesser frigatebird, Fregata ariel
Gannets and boobies
Order: Suliformes Family: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.
Masked booby, Sula dactylatra
Brown booby, Sula leucogaster
Anhingas and darters
Order: Suliformes Family: Anhingidae
Anhingas or darters are often called "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark-brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.
Oriental darter, Anhinga melanogaster
Cormorants and shags
Order: Suliformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.
Little cormorant, Microcarbo niger
Indian cormorant, Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
Great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo
Ibises and spoonbills
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Threskiornithidae
Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.
Black-headed ibis, Threskiornis melanocephalus
Red-naped ibis, Pseudibis papillosa
Glossy ibis, Plegadis falcinellus
Eurasian spoonbill, Platalea leucorodia
Herons and bitterns
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.
Pelicans
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.
Spot-billed pelican, Pelecanus philippensis (recent report)
Osprey
Order: Accipitriformes Family: Pandionidae
The family Pandionidae contains usually only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater.
Osprey, Pandion haliaetus
Kites, hawks, and eagles
Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.
Barn owls
Order: Strigiformes Family: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.
Eastern barn owl, Tyto javanica
Oriental bay owl, Phodilus badius
Sri Lanka bay owl, Phodilus assimilis
Owls
Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae
The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.
Indian scops owl, Otus bakkamoena
Oriental scops owl, Otus sunia
Indian eagle-owl, Bubo bengalensis
Spot-bellied eagle-owl, Bubo nipalensis
Dusky eagle-owl, Bubo coromandus
Brown fish owl, Ketupa zeylonensis
Mottled wood owl, Strix ocellata
Brown wood owl, Strix leptogrammica
Jungle owlet, Glaucidium radiatum
Spotted owlet, Athene brama
Brown boobook, Ninox scutulata
Short-eared owl, Asio flammeus
Trogons
Order: Trogoniformes Family: Trogonidae
The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage.
Malabar trogon, Harpactes fasciatus
Hoopoes
Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Upupidae
Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.
Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops
Hornbills
Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Bucerotidae
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured.
Great hornbill, Buceros bicornis
Malabar pied hornbill, Anthracoceros coronatus
Malabar grey hornbill, Ocyceros griseus
Indian grey hornbill, Ocyceros birostris
Rollers
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.
Indian roller, Coracias benghalensis
European roller, Coracias garrulus
Oriental dollarbird, Eurystomus orientalis
Kingfishers
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.
Stork-billed kingfisher, Pelargopsis capensis
White-throated kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis
Black-capped kingfisher, Halcyon pileata
Collared kingfisher, Todiramphus chloris
Blue-eared kingfisher, Alcedo meninting
Common kingfisher, Alcedo atthis
Oriental dwarf kingfisher, Ceyx erithaca
Pied kingfisher, Ceryle rudis
Bee-eaters
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.
Blue-bearded bee-eater, Nyctyornis athertoni
Asian green bee-eater, Merops orientalis
Blue-cheeked bee-eater
Blue-tailed bee-eater, Merops philippinus
Chestnut-headed bee-eater, Merops leschenaulti
Asian barbets
Order: Piciformes Family: Megalaimidae
The Asian barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured.
Brown-headed barbet, Psilopogon zeylanicus
White-cheeked barbet, Psilopogon viridis
Malabar barbet, Psilopogon malabaricus
Coppersmith barbet, Psilopogon haemacephalus
Woodpeckers
Order: Piciformes Family: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.
Eurasian wryneck, Jynx torquilla
Speckled piculet, Picumnus innominatus
Heart-spotted woodpecker, Hemicircus canente
Brown-capped pygmy woodpecker, Yungipicus nanus
Yellow-crowned woodpecker, Leiopicus mahrattensis
White-bellied woodpecker, Dryocopus javensis
Lesser yellownape, Picus chlorolophus
Streak-throated woodpecker, Picus xanthopygaeus
Common flameback, Dinopium javanense
Black-rumped flameback, Dinopium benghalense
Malabar flameback, Chrysocolaptes socialis
White-naped woodpecker, Chrysocolaptes festivus
Rufous woodpecker, Micropternus brachyurus
Caracaras and falcons
Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.
Lesser kestrel, Falco naumanni
Common kestrel, Falco tinnunculus
Red-necked falcon, Falco chicquera
Amur falcon, Falco amurensis
Eurasian hobby, Falco subbuteo
Oriental hobby, Falco severus
Laggar falcon, Falco jugger
Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus (includes shaheen falcon also)
Old World parrots
Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittaculidae
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.
Blossom-headed parakeet, Psittacula roseata
Plum-headed parakeet, Psittacula cyanocephala
Blue-winged parakeet, Psittacula columboides
Alexandrine parakeet, Psittacula eupatria
Rose-ringed parakeet, Psittacula krameri
Vernal hanging parrot, Loriculus vernalis
Pittas
Order: Passeriformes Family: Pittidae
Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards and are stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrates.
Indian pitta, Pitta brachyura
Vangas, helmetshrikes, woodshrikes, and shrike-flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Vangidae
The woodshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes.
Bar-winged flycatcher-shrike, Hemipus picatus
Large woodshrike, Tephrodornis virgatus
Malabar woodshrike, Tephrodornis sylvicola
Common woodshrike, Tephrodornis pondicerianus
Woodswallows, butcherbirds, and peltops
Order: Passeriformes Family: Artamidae
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.
Ashy woodswallow, Artamus fuscus
Ioras
Order: Passeriformes Family: Aegithinidae
The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in colouration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens.
Common iora, Aegithina tiphia
Cuckooshrikes
Order: Passeriformes Family: Campephagidae
The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured.
White-bellied minivet, Pericrocotus erythropygius
Small minivet, Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
Orange minivet, Pericrocotus flammeus
Ashy minivet, Pericrocotus divaricatus
Rosy minivet, Pericrocotus roseus
Large cuckooshrike, Coracina macei
Black-winged cuckooshrike, Lalage melaschistos
Black-headed cuckooshrike, Lalage melanoptera
Shrikes
Order: Passeriformes Family: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.
Brown shrike, Lanius cristatus
Isabelline shrike, Lanius isabellinus
Bay-backed shrike, Lanius vittatus
Long-tailed shrike, Lanius schach
Great grey shrike, Lanius excubitor
Figbirds, orioles, and turnagra
Order: Passeriformes Family: Oriolidae
The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.
Black-hooded oriole, Oriolus xanthornus
Indian golden oriole, Oriolus kundoo (Split suggested from European golden oriole.)
Black-naped oriole, Oriolus chinensis
Drongos
Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicruridae
The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.
Bronzed drongo, Dicrurus aeneus
Greater racket-tailed drongo, Dicrurus paradiseus
Hair-crested drongo, Dicrurus hottentottus
Ashy drongo, Dicrurus leucophaeus
White-bellied drongo, Dicrurus caerulescens
Black drongo, Dicrurus macrocercus
Fantails and silktails
Order: Passeriformes Family: Rhipiduridae
The fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders.
White-throated fantail, Rhipidura albicollis
White-spotted fantail, Rhipidura albogularis
White-browed fantail, Rhipidura aureola
Monarchs
Order: Passeriformes Family: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by flycatching.
Black-naped monarch, Hypothymis azurea
Indian paradise flycatcher, Terpsiphone paradisi
Crows and jays
Order: Passeriformes Family: Corvidae
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.
Rufous treepie, Dendrocitta vagabunda
White-bellied treepie, Dendrocitta leucogastra
House crow, Corvus splendens
Large-billed crow, Corvus macrorhynchos
Indian jungle crow, Corvus culminatus
Fairy flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Stenostiridae
Most of the species of this small family are found in Africa, though a few inhabit tropical Asia. They are not closely related to other birds called "flycatchers".
Grey-headed canary-flycatcher, Culicicapa ceylonensis
Tits and chickadees
Order: Passeriformes Family: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.
Cinereous tit, Parus cinereus
Himalayan black-lored tit, Machlolophus xanthogenys
Indian black-lored tit, Machlolophus aplonotus
Larks
Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.
Rufous-tailed lark, Ammomanes phoenicura
Ashy-crowned sparrow-lark, Eremopterix griseus
Singing bush lark, Mirafra cantillans
Bengal bush lark, Mirafra assamica
Indian bush lark, Mirafra erythroptera
Jerdon's bush lark, Mirafra affinis
Oriental skylark, Alauda gulgula
Sykes's lark, Galerida deva
Malabar lark, Galerida malabarica
Mongolian short-toed lark, Calandrella dukhunensis
Greater short-toed lark, Calandrella brachydactyla
Bimaculated lark, Melanocorypha bimaculata
Turkestan short-toed lark, Alaudala heinei
Bulbuls
Order: Passeriformes Family: Pycnonotidae
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.
Yellow-browed bulbul, Acritillas indica
Black bulbul, Hypsipetes leucocephalus
Square-tailed bulbul, Hypsipetes ganeesa
Grey-headed bulbul, Brachypodius priocephalus
Black-crested bulbul, Rubigula flaviventris
Flame-throated bulbul, Rubigula gularis
White-browed bulbul, Pycnonotus luteolus
Red-whiskered bulbul, Pycnonotus jocosus
Red-vented bulbul, Pycnonotus cafer
White-eared bulbul, Pycnonotus leucotis
Swallows and martins
Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.
Grey-throated martin, Riparia chinensis
Sand martin, Riparia riparia
Pale martin, Riparia diluta
Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica
Pacific swallow, Hirundo tahitica
Hill swallow, Hirundo domicola
Wire-tailed swallow, Hirundo smithii
Eurasian crag martin, Ptyonoprogne rupestris
Dusky crag martin, Ptyonoprogne concolor
Common house martin, Delichon urbicum
Red-rumped swallow, Cecropis daurica
Streak-throated swallow, Petrochelidon fluvicola
Leaf warblers & allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Phylloscopidae
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with grayish-green to grayish-brown colors.
Hume's leaf warbler, Phylloscopus humei
Yellow-browed warbler, Phylloscopus inornatus
Tytler's leaf warbler, Phylloscopus tytleri
Sulphur-bellied warbler, Phylloscopus griseolus
Tickell's leaf warbler, Phylloscopus affinis
Plain leaf warbler, Phylloscopus neglectus
Mountain chiffchaff, Phylloscopus sindianus
Common chiffchaff, Phylloscopus collybita
Green warbler, Phylloscopus nitidus
Greenish warbler, Phylloscopus trochiloides
Large-billed leaf warbler, Phylloscopus magnirostris
Western crowned warbler, Phylloscopus occipitalis
Reed warblers, Grauer's warbler, & allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Acrocephalidae
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.
Clamorous reed warbler, Acrocephalus stentoreus
Paddyfield warbler, Acrocephalus agricola
Blyth's reed warbler, Acrocephalus dumetorum
Thick-billed warbler, Arundinax aedon
Booted warbler, Iduna caligata
Sykes's warbler, Iduna rama
Grassbirds & allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Locustellidae
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.
Pallas's grasshopper warbler, Helopsaltes certhiola
Lanceolated warbler, Locustella lanceolata (A)
Common grasshopper warbler, Locustella naevia
Broad-tailed grassbird, Schoenicola platyurus
Bristled grassbird, Schoenicola striatus (A)
Cisticolas and allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.
Zitting cisticola, Cisticola juncidis
Golden-headed cisticola, Cisticola exilis
Grey-breasted prinia, Prinia hodgsonii
Jungle prinia, Prinia sylvatica
Ashy prinia, Prinia socialis
Plain prinia, Prinia inornata
Common tailorbird, Orthotomus sutorius
Sylviid babblers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.
Lesser whitethroat, Curruca curruca
Hume's whitethroat, Curruca althaea
Eastern Orphean warbler, Curruca crassirostris
Parrotbills and allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Paradoxornithidae
The parrotbills are a group of peculiar birds native to East and Southeast Asia, though feral populations exist elsewhere. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitat. They feed mainly on seeds, e.g. of grasses, to which their bill, as the name implies, is well-adapted.
Yellow-eyed babbler, Chrysomma sinense
White-eyes
Order: Passeriformes Family: Zosteropidae
The white-eyes are small and mostly undistinguished, their plumage above being generally some dull colour like greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.
Indian white-eye, Zosterops palpebrosus
Babblers and scimitar babblers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Timaliidae
The babblers, or timaliids, are somewhat diverse in size and colouration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage.
Tawny-bellied babbler, Dumetia hyperythra
Dark-fronted babbler, Dumetia atriceps
Indian scimitar babbler, Pomatorhinus horsfieldii
Ground babblers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Pellorneidae
These small to medium-sized songbirds have soft fluffy plumage but are otherwise rather diverse. Members of the genus Illadopsis are found in forests, but some other genera are birds of scrublands.
Puff-throated babbler, Pellorneum ruficeps
Alcippe fulvettas
Order: Passeriformes Family: Alcippeidae
The genus once included many other fulvettas and was previously placed in families Pellorneidae or Timaliidae.
Brown-cheeked fulvetta, Alcippe poioicephala
Laughingthrushes and allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Leiothrichidae
The members of this family are diverse in size and colouration, though those of genus Turdoides tend to be brown or greyish. The family is found in Africa, India, and southeast Asia.
Large grey babbler, Argya malcolmi
Rufous babbler, Argya subrufa
Jungle babbler, Argya striata
Yellow-billed babbler, Argya affinis
Wynaad laughingthrush, Pterorhinus delesserti
Fairy-bluebirds
Order: Passeriformes Family: Irenidae
The fairy-bluebirds are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green.
Asian fairy-bluebird, Irena puella
Nuthatches
Order: Passeriformes Family: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.
Velvet-fronted nuthatch, Sitta frontalis
Indian nuthatch, Sitta castanea
Treecreepers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.
Indian spotted creeper, Salpornis spilonota
Starlings and rhabdornis
Order: Passeriformes Family: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.
Common hill myna, Gracula religiosa
Southern hill myna, Gracula indica
Jungle myna, Acridotheres fuscus
Bank myna, Acridotheres ginginianus
Common myna, Acridotheres tristis
Daurian starling, Agropsar sturninus
Chestnut-tailed starling, Sturnia malabarica
Malabar starling, Sturnia blythii
Brahminy starling, Sturnia pagodarum
Rosy starling, Pastor roseus
Common starling, Sturnus vulgaris
Thrushes
Order: Passeriformes Family: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
Pied thrush, Geokichla wardii
Orange-headed thrush, Geokichla citrina
Scaly thrush, Zoothera dauma
Nilgiri thrush, Zoothera neilgherriensis
Tickell's thrush, Turdus unicolor
Indian blackbird, Turdus simillimus
Eyebrowed thrush, Turdus obscurus
Chats and Old World flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Muscicapidae
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.
Leafbirds
Order: Passeriformes Family: Chloropseidae
The leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows. .
Blue-winged leafbird, Chloropsis cochinchinensis
Jerdon's leafbird, Chloropsis jerdoni
Golden-fronted leafbird, Chloropsis aurifrons
Flowerpeckers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicaeidae
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues.
Thick-billed flowerpecker, Dicaeum agile
Pale-billed flowerpecker, Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
Nilgiri flowerpecker, Dicaeum concolor
Sunbirds
Order: Passeriformes Family: Nectariniidae
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.
Purple-rumped sunbird, Leptocoma zeylonica
Crimson-backed sunbird, Leptocoma minima
Purple sunbird, Cinnyris asiaticus
Loten's sunbird, Cinnyris lotenius
Crimson sunbird, Aethopyga siparaja
Vigors's sunbird, Aethopyga vigorsii
Little spiderhunter, Arachnothera longirostra
Old World sparrows and snowfinches
Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.
House sparrow, Passer domesticus
Yellow-throated sparrow, Gymnoris xanthocollis
Weavers and widowbirds
Order: Passeriformes Family: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.
Streaked weaver, Ploceus manyar
Baya weaver, Ploceus philippinus
Waxbills, munias, and allies
Order: Passeriformes Family: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.
Indian silverbill, Euodice malabarica
Scaly-breasted munia, Lonchura punctulata
Black-throated munia, Lonchura kelaarti
White-rumped munia, Lonchura striata
Tricolored munia, Lonchura malacca
Green avadavat, Amandava formosa
Red avadavat, Amandava amandava
Wagtails and pipits
Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.
Forest wagtail, Dendronanthus indicus
Western yellow wagtail, Motacilla flava
Citrine wagtail, Motacilla citreola
Grey wagtail, Motacilla cinerea
White wagtail, Motacilla alba
White-browed wagtail, Motacilla maderaspatensis
Richard's pipit, Anthus richardi
Paddyfield pipit, Anthus rufulus
Blyth's pipit, Anthus godlewskii
Tawny pipit, Anthus campestris
Long-billed pipit, Anthus similis
Tree pipit, Anthus trivialis
Olive-backed pipit, Anthus hodgsoni
Red-throated pipit, Anthus cervinus
Finches and euphonias
Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.
Common rosefinch, Carpodacus erythrinus
Buntings
Order: Passeriformes Family: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. In Europe, most species are called buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.
Grey-necked bunting, Emberiza buchanani
Yellow-breasted bunting, Emberiza aureola
Black-headed bunting, Emberiza melanocephala
Red-headed bunting, Emberiza bruniceps
See also
Lists of birds by region
Notes
References
Rasmussen, Pamela C.; J. C. Anderton (2005). Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Smithsonian Institution & Lynx Edicions.
Lainer, Heinz (2004). Birds of Goa. A Reference Book. The Goa Foundation.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Cipoh kacat
- Telur sebagai makanan
- Daftar karya tentang Perusahaan Hindia Timur Belanda
- List of birds of Goa
- Tourism in Goa
- List of seabirds of Goa
- List of birds of India
- Goa
- Flora and fauna of Goa
- List of people from Goa
- Government of Goa
- Outline of Goa
- Lists of birds by region
