- Source: List of communist parties
There are a number of communist parties active in various countries across the world and a number that used to be active. They differ not only in method, but also in strict ideology and interpretation, although they are generally within the tradition of Marxism–Leninism.
The formation of communist parties in various countries was first initiated by the Russian Bolsheviks within the Communist International. Since then, communist parties have governed numerous countries, whether as ruling parties in one-party states like the Chinese Communist Party or the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, or as ruling parties in multi-party systems, including majority and minority governments as well as leading or being part of several coalitions.
Many other communist parties did not govern any country, but did govern a state or region within a country. Others have also been represented in national, state, or regional parliaments. Some communist parties and schools of thought reject parliamentarism, instead advocating insurrection or social revolution as well as workers' councils.
Officially ruling in communist states
In the following countries, communist parties either lead the ruling coalition or hold monopoly on state power as defined by their respective country's constitutions.
Ruling or part of ruling coalition in multi-party states
Opposition parties in multi-party states
Formerly ruling
= One-party system
== Parliamentary majority or minority government
== Coalition partner or supporter
=Bulgaria (2005–2009, 2013–2014, 2021–2022) – Communist Party of Bulgaria, in coalition government as member of the Coalition for Bulgaria
Finland (1944–1948, 1966–1970, 1970–1971, 1975–1976 and 1977–1982) – Finnish People's Democratic League, in coalition governments with numerous other parties
France (1981–1989; 1997–2002) – French Communist Party as a part of the Union de la gauche and of the Gauche plurielle
India (2004–2008) – Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Communist Party of India, in the coalition government of the United Progressive Alliance
Iran (1946) – Tudeh Party of Iran, in the coalition government of Ahmad Qavam
Italy (1998–2001, 2006–2008) – Party of Italian Communists in the D'Alema I Cabinet, D'Alema II Cabinet, Amato II Cabinet with The Olive Tree; Communist Refoundation Party and Party of Italian Communists in the coalition government of The Union
Mali (2005–2014) – Malian Party of Labour, participated in the Alliance for Democracy in Mali
Norway (1945) – Communist Party of Norway in coalition government as member of Gerhardsen's First Cabinet led by the Labour Party
Peru (2011–2016) – Peruvian Communist Party, in coalition governments as member of Peru Wins
Portugal (2015–2019) – Portuguese Communist Party in support of the XXI Constitutional Government of Portugal led by the Socialist Party
San Marino (1945–1957, 1978–1992) – Sammarinese Communist Party, in coalition government with Sammarinese Socialist Party
Sri Lanka (1970–1975, 1994–2000, 2004–2015 and 2020–2022) – Communist Party of Sri Lanka and Lanka Sama Samaja Party, in coalition governments with numerous other parties
Uruguay (2005–2020) – Communist Party of Uruguay and People's Victory Party, in coalition governments as members of the Broad Front
Modern non-ruling
All-Union Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Bolshevik Platform of the KPSS[17]
Formerly communist
Defunct
= Once ruling
== Non-ruling
=Armenia – Armenian Workers Communist Party, Armenian Workers Union, Marxist Party of Armenia, Union of Communists of Armenia, Renewed Communist Party of Armenia
Australia – Communist Party of Australia
Barbados- Workers Party of Barbados
Basque Country – Auzolan, Communist Movement of Euskadi, Communist Party of the Basque Homelands, Euskadiko Sozialisten Batasuna, Euskal Herriko Alderdi Sozialista, Euskal Iraultzarako Alderdia, Eusko Alderdi Sozialista, Herriko Alderdi Sozialista, Navarrese Left Union, Party of the Revolutionary Patriotic Workers, People's Socialist Revolutionary Party
Belgium – Union of Marxist–Leninist Communists of Belgium, founded in 1970
Belgium – Communist Party of Belgium – Marxist–Leninist, founded in 1976.
Brazil – Free Homeland Party
Bulgaria – Bulgarian Communist Party – Marxists
Burkina Faso – African Independence Party (Burkina Faso), Burkinabé Bolshevik Party, Burkinabé Communist Group, Marxist–Leninist Group, Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement, Party for Democracy and Socialism, Party of Labour of Burkina, Patriotic League for Development, Union of Burkinabé Communists, Union of Communist Struggles, Union of Communist Struggles – Reconstructed, Union of Communist Struggles – The Flame, Voltaic Communist Organization
Catalonia – Catalan State-Proletarian Party, Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia, Socialist Party of National Liberation, Party of the Communists of Catalonia
Canada – Labor-Progressive Party (legal front of the Communist Party of Canada from 1943 to 1959), Workers' Communist Party of Canada
Channel Islands – Jersey Communist Party
Chile – Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action), Revolutionary Left Movement
Colombia – Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia
Costa Rica – Costa Rican People's Party
Cyprus – Communist Party of Cyprus
Cuba – Popular Socialist Party, joined Cuban Communist Party
El Salvador – Communist Party of El Salvador, merged into the FMLN
Eswatini – Swaziland Communist Party
Gambia – Gambia Socialist Revolutionary Party
Georgia – Revived Communist Party of Georgia, Georgian Workers Communist Party
Germany – Spartacist League formed in 1918 and became the Communist Party of Germany
West Germany – Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin, Communist Party of Germany (banned 1956 in West Germany)
Guatemala – Guatemalan Party of Labour, merged into the URNG
Haiti – Haitian Communist Party, Haitian Workers Party, Unified Party of Haitian Communists, merged into the National Reconstruction Movement in 1990
Honduras – Communist Party of Honduras, merged into the Patriotic Renewal Party
Iceland – Communist Party of Iceland, Communist Party of Iceland (Marxist–Leninist)
India – Indian Communist Party (Sen)
Indonesia – Communist Party of Indonesia
Ireland – Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)
Iraq – Leninist Group in the Iraqi Communist Movement
Israel – Maki (1948–1973) split in 1965 with formation of largely Arab Rakah which changed its name to Maki in 1989
Italy – Communist Party of Italy, Italian Communist Party of the Julian March, Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party, Marxist–Leninist Revolutionary Party of Italy, Movement for Peace and Socialism, Movement for the Confederation of the Communists
Lebanon – Lebanese People's Party
Malaysia – Malayan Communist Party, North Kalimantan Communist Party
Mexico – Mexican Communist Party
Moldova – Communist Reformers Party of Moldova
Myanmar – Communist Party (Burma)
Namibia – Communist Party of Namibia
New Caledonia - Communist Party of New Caledonia
Netherlands – Communist Party of the Netherlands merged into the GroenLinks in 1989, marxist-leninist dissidents within the party formed the NCPN in 1992.
New Zealand – Communist Party of New Zealand, Socialist Unity Party
Nigeria – Nigerian Communist Party, Socialist Workers and Farmers Party of Nigeria
North Korea – Workers' Party of North Korea
Norway – Workers' Communist Party merged into the Red Party
Palestine – Communist Party of Palestine (1921–1948)
Poland – Communist Party of Poland
Saudi Arabia – Communist Party in Saudi Arabia
South Korea – Workers' Party of South Korea
Switzerland – Party of Labour Basel, founded in 1944
Taiwan – Taiwanese Communist Party, China Communist Alliance, Communist Party of the Republic of China, Taiwan Democratic Communist Party
Tatarstan – Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
Thailand – Communist Party of Thailand
Transnistria (unrecognized country) – Communist Party of Transnistria
Trieste – Communist Party of the Free Territory of Trieste, merged into the Italian Communist Party
Trinidad and Tobago – Communist Party of Trinidad and Tobago
United Kingdom – Communist Party of Great Britain, Communist Party of Scotland
United States – Communist Party Marxist–Leninist, May 19th Communist Movement, Communist Workers Party, Black Panther Party, Communist Labor Party of America, International Socialist Organization
Left communist organizations by country
The following is a list of left communist organizations by country which list only those political organizations and parties who officially call themselves left communist ideologically and still exist.
= Organisations
=See also
List of communist parties represented in European Parliament
List of socialist parties with national parliamentary representation
List of social democratic parties
List of democratic socialist parties and organizations
List of left-wing political parties
Notes
References
External links
Leftist Parties of the World (last updated 4 October 2006)
Communist States animation (1850–2016)
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Partai satelit Arab
- Indonesia
- Sosialisme demokratis
- Partai Komunis Thailand
- Hadash
- Kiri Yahudi
- Partai Komunis Korea
- Liberalisme
- Anti-revisionisme
- John F. Kennedy
- List of communist parties
- List of communist parties in India
- International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
- Communist party
- Communist Party of Slovakia
- List of communist parties represented in European Parliament
- Communist Party (disambiguation)
- Communist Party of Finland
- Brazilian Communist Party
- Maki (political party)