- Source: List of endemic birds of Australia
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.
Patterns of endemism
Family-level endemism is prominent in Australia. The Australasian biogeographic region has the highest number of endemic families of any zoogeographic region except the Neotropics, and many of these families are endemic to Australia itself — the country therefore stakes a strong claim to be the world's greatest hotspot of bird endemism.
= Australian endemic and near-endemic families
=The Australian endemic families are:
Emu (Dromaiidae), a well-known monotypic family; the emu is found in rural areas throughout the continent
Plains-wanderer (Pedionomidae), a monotypic family; plains-wanderer is restricted to arid inland areas in the southeast of Australia
Lyrebirds (Menuridae), two forest-dwelling species of southeast Australia
Scrub-birds (Atrichornithidae), two forest-dwelling species, one found in southeastern Australia, the other in southwest Australia
Australian mudnesters (Struthideidae), two species found in open forest and woodland environments in eastern Australia
Bristlebirds (Dasyornithidae), three species: eastern, western and rufous bristlebirds.
Pardalotes (Pardalotidae), four species: spotted, forty-spotted, red-browed and striated pardalote
In addition to the families listed above, the following families are endemic to the Australasian region, with some of their species also found in New Guinea:
Magpie goose (Anseranatidae), a monotypic family with a portion of the population living on New Guinea
Australian treecreepers (Climacteridae), seven species, six endemic to Australia and one, the Papuan treecreeper, endemic to New Guinea.
Bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchidae), twenty species, ten found in Australia, eight in New Guinea, and two in both.
Fairy-wrens, emu-wrens, and grasswrens (Maluridae), twenty-nine species, twenty-three endemic to Australia and six to New Guinea
Australasian babblers (Pomatostomidae), four of the five species are endemic to Australia
Logrunners (Orthonychidae), three species, two endemic to Australia and one to New Guinea
Jewel-babblers and quail-thrushes (Cinclosomatidae), nine species, five Australian, four from New Guinea, sometimes broadened to Phosphodidae to include whipbirds and wedgebills (six species, five from Australia and one from New Guinea).
Sittellas (Neosittidae), two species, the varied sittella of Australia and the black sittella of New Guinea
Boatbills (Machaerirhynchidae), two species, Australia's yellow-breasted boatbill and New Guinea's black-breasted boatbill.
A further group of families endemic to the Australasian region, but where the species are predominantly New Guinea endemics are listed in the article on endemic birds of New Guinea.
Endemic Bird Areas
BirdLife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) in Australia:
Christmas Island, an Australian territory, is also an EBA.
In addition the following are classified as secondary areas (areas with at least one restricted-range bird species, but not meeting the criteria to qualify as EBAs):
To be completed later.
List of species
The following is a list of bird species endemic to Australia:
= Species endemic to coastal eastern Australia
=Species endemic to the Cape York peninsula
Buff-breasted buttonquail
Golden-shouldered parrot
White-streaked honeyeater
Species endemic to the Queensland wet tropics
Chowchilla
Fernwren
Atherton scrubwren
Mountain thornbill
Grey-headed robin
Pied monarch
Bower's shrike-thrush
Bridled honeyeater
Macleay's honeyeater
Tooth-billed catbird
Golden bowerbird
Victoria's riflebird
Species endemic to eastern Australia
Black-breasted buttonquail
Albert's lyrebird
Rufous scrub-bird
Eastern bristlebird
Pilotbird
Rockwarbler
Green catbird
Regent bowerbird
Paradise riflebird
Species found in more than one of the above areas, but not elsewhere
Australian brushturkey
Lovely fairywren (Cape York, Queensland wet tropics)
Yellow-spotted honeyeater (Cape York, Queensland wet tropics)
Pale-yellow robin (Queensland wet tropics, eastern Australia)
= Species endemic to south-eastern Australia
=Many, but some include;
Kangaroo Island emu (extinct)
Powerful owl
Gang-gang cockatoo
Long-billed corella
Turquoise parrot
Superb lyrebird
Pilotbird
Musk lorikeet
Rose robin
= Species endemic to Tasmania
=King Island emu (extinct)
Tasmanian nativehen
Green rosella
Orange-bellied parrot (endemic as a breeding species, winters in south-east mainland Australia)
Swift parrot (endemic as a breeding species, winters in eastern and south-east mainland Australia)
Brown scrubwren
Scrubtit
Tasmanian thornbill
Dusky robin
Forty-spotted pardalote
Yellow-throated honeyeater
Black-headed honeyeater
Strong-billed honeyeater
Yellow wattlebird
Black currawong
= Species endemic to south-west Australia
=Baudin's cockatoo
Noisy scrub-bird
Red-capped parrot
Red-eared firetail
Red-winged fairywren
Carnaby's cockatoo
Western bristlebird
Western corella
Western ground parrot
Western rosella
Western shrike-tit (often regarded as a subspecies of the crested shrike-tit)
Western spinebill
Western thornbill
Western wattlebird
White-breasted robin
= Species endemic to north-west Australia
=Black-banded fruit dove
Black grasswren
Red-lored whistler
Hooded parrot
Chestnut-backed buttonquail
Chestnut-quilled rock pigeon
Partridge pigeon
Rainbow pitta
Kimberley honeyeater
White-lined honeyeater
White-quilled rock pigeon
White-throated grasswren
Yellow-rumped munia
The chestnut rail is near-endemic to this region of Australia, elsewhere only being found on the Aru Islands.
= Other endemics
=Emu
Malleefowl
Stubble quail
Chestnut teal
Musk duck
Cape Barren goose
Maned duck
Black swan
Plumed whistling duck
Pink-eared duck
Blue-billed duck
Australian shelduck
Freckled duck
Royal penguin (Macquarie Island endemic)
Christmas Island frigatebird (Christmas Island endemic)
Abbott's booby (Christmas Island endemic)
Short-tailed shearwater (breeding endemic)
Hoary-headed grebe (vagrant to New Zealand, has bred there)
Yellow-billed spoonbill
Black-faced cormorant
Macquarie shag (Macquarie Island endemic)
Heard Island shag (Heard Island endemic; sometimes considered a subspecies of the imperial shag)
Nankeen kestrel (breeding endemic)
Grey falcon
Black falcon
Black-shouldered kite
Little eagle
Red goshawk
Black-breasted buzzard
Square-tailed kite
Black-tailed nativehen
Lord Howe woodhen (Lord Howe Island endemic)
Lord Howe swamphen (extinct—formerly endemic to Lord Howe Island)
Australian crake
Red-chested buttonquail
Little buttonquail
Red-necked avocet
Banded stilt
Sooty oystercatcher
Banded lapwing
Red-capped plover (formerly bred in New Zealand)
Red-kneed dotterel
Inland dotterel
Hooded dotterel
Plains wanderer
Australian painted snipe
Australian pratincole (breeding endemic)
Pacific gull
White-headed pigeon
Brown cuckoo-dove (sometimes lumped with slender-billed cuckoo-dove)
Common bronzewing
Flock bronzewing
Brush bronzewing
Crested pigeon
Spinifex pigeon
Squatter pigeon
Wonga pigeon
Diamond dove
Black-banded fruit-dove (until recently considered a subspecies of banded fruit-dove)
Christmas imperial pigeon (Christmas Island endemic)
Topknot pigeon
Norfolk pigeon (extinct, formerly endemic to Norfolk Island)
Horsfield's bronze cuckoo (breeding endemic)
Black-eared cuckoo (breeding endemic)
Pallid cuckoo (breeding endemic)
Christmas boobook (Christmas Island endemic)
Tawny frogmouth
Spotted nightjar (breeding endemic)
Australian swiftlet
Laughing kookaburra
Red-backed kingfisher
Norfolk kaka (extinct, formerly endemic to Norfolk Island)
Yellow-tailed black cockatoo
Glossy black cockatoo
Red-tailed black cockatoo
Galah
Major Mitchell's cockatoo
Cockatiel
Superb parrot
Regent parrot
Princess parrot
Australian king parrot
Eastern ground parrot
Night parrot
Bourke's parrot
Blue-winged parrot
Elegant parrot
Rock parrot
Scarlet-chested parrot
Norfolk parakeet (Norfolk Island endemic)
Macquarie parakeet (Extinct; formerly endemic to Macquarie Island)
Lord Howe parakeet (Extinct; formerly endemic to Lord Howe Island)
Australian ringneck (formerly split into mallee ringneck and Port Lincoln parrot; both subspecies are endemic)
Crimson rosella
Eastern rosella
Northern rosella
Pale-headed rosella
Naretha bluebonnet (previously considered a subspecies of eastern bluebonnet)
Red-rumped parrot
Mulga parrot
Paradise parrot (extinct)
Musk lorikeet
Little lorikeet
Purple-crowned lorikeet
Varied lorikeet
Scaly-breasted lorikeet
Budgerigar
Spotted catbird
Satin bowerbird
Western bowerbird
Spotted bowerbird
Great bowerbird
White-throated treecreeper
White-browed treecreeper
Red-browed treecreeper
Brown treecreeper
Rufous treecreeper
Black-tailed treecreeper
Grey grasswren
Carpentarian grasswren
Striated grasswren
Short-tailed grasswren
Eyrean grasswren
Kalkadoon grasswren
Dusky grasswren
Thick-billed grasswren
Western grasswren
Southern emu-wren
Mallee emu-wren
Rufous-crowned emu-wren
Splendid fairywren
White-winged fairywren
Red-backed fairywren
Purple-crowned fairywren
Superb fairywren
Variegated fairywren
Blue-breasted fairywren
Eastern spinebill
Pied honeyeater
Lewin's honeyeater
Graceful honeyeater
Yellow honeyeater
White-gaped honeyeater
White-fronted honeyeater
Yellow-faced honeyeater
Yellow-tufted honeyeater
Purple-gaped honeyeater
Yellow-throated miner
Black-eared miner
Noisy miner
Bell miner
Eungella honeyeater
Spiny-cheeked honeyeater
Regent honeyeater
Little wattlebird
Red wattlebird
Singing honeyeater
Mangrove honeyeater
Yellow-plumed honeyeater
White-plumed honeyeater
Fuscous honeyeater
Grey-headed honeyeater
Grey-fronted honeyeater
Bar-breasted honeyeater
Rufous-throated honeyeater
Grey honeyeater
Gibberbird
Yellow chat
Crimson chat
Orange chat
White-fronted chat
Black honeyeater
Scarlet myzomela
Tawny-crowned honeyeater
Banded honeyeater
Crescent honeyeater
New Holland honeyeater
White-cheeked honeyeater
White-eared honeyeater
Gilbert's honeyeater
White-naped honeyeater
Brown-headed honeyeater
Black-chinned honeyeater
Macleay's honeyeater
Striped honeyeater
Painted honeyeater
Silver-crowned friarbird
Rufous bristlebird
Spotted pardalote
Striated pardalote
Red-browed pardalote
Rockwarbler
Yellow-throated scrubwren
White-browed scrubwren
Large-billed scrubwren
Redthroat
Speckled warbler
Rufous fieldwren
Striated fieldwren
Chestnut-rumped heathwren
Shy heathwren
Buff-rumped thornbill
Slender-billed thornbill
Brown thornbill
Inland thornbill
Yellow-rumped thornbill
Chestnut-rumped thornbill
Slaty-backed thornbill
Yellow thornbill
Striated thornbill
Weebill
Dusky gerygone
Brown gerygone
Western gerygone
Norfolk gerygone (Norfolk Island endemic)
Lord Howe gerygone (extinct; formerly endemic to Lord Howe Island)
Southern whiteface
Chestnut-breasted whiteface
Banded whiteface
White-browed babbler
Hall's babbler
Chestnut-crowned babbler
Australian logrunner
Eastern whipbird
Western whipbird
Chiming wedgebill
Chirruping wedgebill
Copperback quail-thrush
Chestnut-breasted quail-thrush
Western quail-thrush
Cinnamon quail-thrush
Nullarbor quail-thrush
Yellow-breasted boatbill
Masked woodswallow
White-browed woodswallow
Dusky woodswallow
Little woodswallow
Grey butcherbird
Silver-backed butcherbird
Pied butcherbird
Pied currawong
Grey currawong
Ground cuckooshrike
Crested shriketit (often split into northern shriketit, eastern shriketit, and western shriketit—all are endemic)
Sandstone shrikethrush
Bower's shrikethrush
Olive whistler
Gilbert's whistler
White-breasted whistler
Crested bellbird
White-eared monarch
Frill-necked monarch
Restless flycatcher
Little crow
Australian raven
Little raven
Forest raven
White-winged chough
Apostlebird
Scarlet robin
Red-capped robin
Flame robin
Pink robin
Hooded robin
Eastern yellow robin
Western yellow robin
White-browed robin
Buff-sided robin
Northern scrub robin
Southern scrub robin
Fairy martin (breeding endemic)
White-backed swallow
Spinifexbird
Brown songlark
Rufous songlark
Christmas white-eye (Christmas Island endemic)
Canary white-eye
Lord Howe silvereye (sometimes considered a subspecies of silvereye)
Robust white-eye (extinct; formerly endemic to Lord Howe Island)
Slender-billed white-eye (Norfolk Island endemic)
White-chested white-eye (Norfolk Island endemic; likely extinct)
Bassian thrush
Tasman starling (extinct; formerly endemic to Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island. Some consider the Lord Howe starling and Norfolk starling separate species.)
Painted firetail
Beautiful firetail
Diamond firetail
Red-browed firetail
Star finch
Plum-headed finch
Double-barred finch
Masked finch
Long-tailed finch
Black-throated finch
Gouldian finch
Yellow-rumped mannikin
Pictorella mannikin
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Daftar nama burung endemik Sulawesi
- Bondol tunggir-putih
- Daftar nama burung di Indonesia: Non-Passeriformes
- Banksia verticillata
- Mamalia
- Daftar nama burung di Indonesia: Passeriformes
- List of endemic birds of Australia
- Birds of Australia
- List of birds of Australia
- List of endemic birds of the Philippines
- Lists of endemic birds
- List of birds of New Zealand
- List of birds of Tasmania
- List of largest birds
- List of birds of Western Australia
- List of birds of Japan