- Source: List of Gentianales of South Africa
The Gentianales are an order of flowering plants, included within the asterid clade of eudicots. It comprises more than 16,000 species in about 1,138 genera in 5 families. More than 80% of the species in this order belong to the family Rubiaceae.
The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).
Five families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.
Apocynaceae
Family: Apocynaceae, 112 genera have been recorded. Not all are necessarily currently accepted.
Asclepiadaceae
Family: Asclepiadaceae,
= Belonites
=Genus Belonites:
Belonites succulentus (L.f.) E.Mey. accepted as Pachypodium succulentum (L.f.) Sweet, indigenous
= Neopectinaria
=Genus Neopectinaria:
Neopectinaria saxatilis (N.E.Br.) Plowes, accepted as Stapeliopsis saxatilis (N.E.Br.) Bruyns, indigenous
Neopectinaria saxatilis (N.E.Br.) Plowes var. tulipiflora (C.A.Luckh.) Plowes, accepted as Stapeliopsis saxatilis (N.E.Br.) Bruyns, indigenous
Neopectinaria stayneri (M.B.Bayer) Plowes, accepted as Stapeliopsis stayneri (M.B.Bayer) Bruyns, indigenous
Gentianaceae
Family: Gentianaceae,
= Anthocleista
=Genus Anthocleista:
Anthocleista grandiflora Gilg, indigenous
= Chironia
=Genus Chironia:
Chironia albiflora Hilliard, endemic
Chironia arenaria E.Mey. endemic
Chironia baccifera L. endemic
Chironia decumbens Levyns, endemic
Chironia jasminoides L. endemic
Chironia krebsii Griseb. indigenous
Chironia laxa Gilg, endemic
Chironia linoides L. indigenous
Chironia linoides L. subsp. emarginata (Jaroscz) I.Verd. endemic
Chironia linoides L. subsp. linoides, endemic
Chironia linoides L. subsp. macrocalyx (Prain) I.Verd. endemic
Chironia linoides L. subsp. nana I.Verd. endemic
Chironia melampyrifolia Lam. endemic
Chironia palustris Burch. indigenous
Chironia palustris Burch. subsp. palustris, indigenous
Chironia palustris Burch. subsp. rosacea (Gilg) I.Verd. indigenous
Chironia palustris Burch. subsp. transvaalensis (Gilg) I.Verd. indigenous
Chironia peduncularis Lindl. endemic
Chironia peglerae Prain, endemic
Chironia purpurascens (E.Mey.) Benth. & Hook.f. indigenous
Chironia purpurascens (E.Mey.) Benth. & Hook.f. subsp. humilis (Gilg) I.Verd. indigenous
Chironia purpurascens (E.Mey.) Benth. & Hook.f. subsp. purpurascens, indigenous
Chironia serpyllifolia Lehm. endemic
Chironia stokoei I.Verd. endemic
Chironia tetragona L.f. endemic
= Enicostema
=Genus Enicostema:
Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A.Raynal, indigenous
Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A.Raynal subsp. axillare, indigenous
Enicostema hyssopifolium (Willd.) I.Verd. accepted as Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A.Raynal subsp. axillare, present
= Exacum
=Genus Exacum:
Exacum oldenlandioides (S.Moore) Klack. indigenous
= Lagenias
=Genus Lagenias:
Lagenias pusillus (Eckl. ex Cham.) E.Mey. endemic
= Neurotheca
=Genus Neurotheca:
Neurotheca congolana De Wild. & T.Durand, indigenous
Neurotheca schlechteri Gilg ex Baker, accepted as Neurotheca congolana De Wild. & T.Durand, present
= Orphium
=Genus Orphium:
Orphium frutescens (L.) E.Mey. endemic
= Sebaea
=Genus Sebaea:
Sebaea albens (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. endemic
Sebaea ambigua Cham. endemic
Sebaea amicorum I.M.Oliv. & Beyers, endemic
Sebaea aurea (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. endemic
Sebaea bojeri Griseb. indigenous
Sebaea capitata Cham. & Schltdl. indigenous
Sebaea capitata Cham. & Schltdl. var. capitata, endemic
Sebaea capitata Cham. & Schltdl. var. sclerosepala (Schinz) Marais, endemic
Sebaea compacta A.W.Hill, endemic
Sebaea debilis (Welw.) Schinz, accepted as Exochaenium debile Welw.
Sebaea elongata E.Mey. endemic
Sebaea erosa Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea exacoides (L.) Schinz, endemic
Sebaea exigua (Oliv.) Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea filiformis Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea fourcadei Marais, endemic
Sebaea grandis (E.Mey.) Steud. accepted as Exochaenium grande (E.Mey.) Griseb. indigenous
Sebaea grisebachiana Schinz, endemic
Sebaea hymenosepala Gilg, endemic
Sebaea junodii Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea laxa N.E.Br. endemic
Sebaea leiostyla Gilg, indigenous
Sebaea longicaulis Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea macrophylla Gilg, indigenous
Sebaea marlothii Gilg, indigenous
Sebaea membranacea A.W.Hill, endemic
Sebaea micrantha (Cham. & Schltdl.) Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea micrantha (Cham. & Schltdl.) Schinz var. intermedia (Cham. & Schltdl.) Marais, endemic
Sebaea micrantha (Cham. & Schltdl.) Schinz var. micrantha, endemic
Sebaea minutiflora Schinz, endemic
Sebaea minutissima Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Sebaea natalensis Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea pentandra E.Mey. indigenous
Sebaea pentandra E.Mey. var. burchellii (Gilg) Marais, indigenous
Sebaea pentandra E.Mey. var. pentandra, indigenous
Sebaea pleurostigmatosa Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, endemic
Sebaea procumbens A.W.Hill, indigenous
Sebaea pusilla Eckl. ex Cham. accepted as Lagenias pusillus (Eckl. ex Cham.) E.Mey. endemic
Sebaea radiata Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, endemic
Sebaea ramosissima Gilg, endemic
Sebaea rara Wolley-Dod, endemic
Sebaea rehmannii Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea repens Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea scabra Schinz, endemic
Sebaea schlechteri Schinz, endemic
Sebaea sedoides Gilg, indigenous
Sebaea sedoides Gilg var. confertiflora (Schinz) Marais, indigenous
Sebaea sedoides Gilg var. schoenlandii (Schinz) Marais, indigenous
Sebaea sedoides Gilg var. sedoides, indigenous
Sebaea spathulata (E.Mey.) Steud. indigenous
Sebaea stricta (E.Mey.) Gilg, endemic
Sebaea sulphurea Cham. & Schltdl. endemic
Sebaea thodeana Gilg, indigenous
Sebaea thomasii (S.Moore) Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea zeyheri Schinz, indigenous
Sebaea zeyheri Schinz subsp. acutiloba (Schinz) Marais, endemic
Sebaea zeyheri Schinz subsp. cleistantha (R.A.Dyer) Marais, endemic
Sebaea zeyheri Schinz subsp. zeyheri, endemic
= Swertia
=Genus Swertia:
Swertia welwitschii Engl. indigenous
Loganiaceae
Family: Loganiaceae,
= Strychnos
=Genus Strychnos:
Strychnos cocculoides Baker, indigenous
Strychnos decussata (Pappe) Gilg, indigenous
Strychnos gerrardii N.E.Br. indigenous
Strychnos henningsii Gilg, indigenous
Strychnos madagascariensis Poir. indigenous
Strychnos mitis S.Moore, indigenous
Strychnos potatorum L.f. indigenous
Strychnos pungens Soler. indigenous
Strychnos spinosa Lam. indigenous
Strychnos spinosa Lam. subsp. spinosa, indigenous
Strychnos usambarensis Gilg, indigenous
Rubiaceae
Family: Rubiaceae, 75 genera have been recorded. Not all are necessarily currently accepted.