• Source: List of heads of state of Syria

      • This is a list of Heads of state of Syria since 1920.


      Mamluk Sultanate




      Ottoman Syria




      Military administrators




      = OETA South chief administrators

      =
      The area was divided into four districts: Jerusalem, Jaffa, Majdal and Beersheba, each under a military governor. Both of the first two British administrators, Generals Money and Watson, were removed by London for not favouring the Zionists over the Arabs; when the OETA administration ended, Liberal party politician (and former British Home Secretary) Herbert Samuel was installed as the first civilian administrator. Samuel recorded his acceptance of the role, and the end of military administration, in an often-quoted document: "Received from Major-General Sir Louis J. Bols K.C.B.—One Palestine, complete."


      = OETA East administrators

      =
      OETA East was a joint Arab-British military administration. The Arab and British armies entered Damascus on 1 October 1918, and on 3 October 1918 Ali Rida al-Rikabi was appointed Military Governor of OETA East. Prince Faisal son of King Hussain of Mecca entered Damascus as on 4 October and appointed Rikabi Chief of the Council of Directors (i.e. prime minister) of Syria.
      The boundary definition of OETA East left uncertainties to the south and east, leading to competing claims from the Kingdom of Hejaz and Occupied Iraq respectively – see Occupation of Ma'an and Occupation of Zor for further details.

      Rida al-Rikabi (3 October 1918 – 26 November 1919)


      = OETA North (West) administrators

      =
      Marie Antoine Philpin de Piépape (7 Oct 1918 - 19 Nov 1918)
      Jules Camille Hamelin (19 Nov 1918 - 21 Nov 1919)
      François Georges Barb (21 Nov 1919 - 1 Sep 1920)


      = OETA North (Cilicia) administrators

      =
      Édouard Brémond


      List of high commissioners of France in the Levant


      Syria or French Syria (1920–1946) (French Mandate of Syria)


      List of general delegates of Free France in the Levant




      High Commissioners



      26 Nov 1919 – 23 Nov 1922: Henri Gouraud
      23 Nov 1922 – 17 Apr 1923: Robert de Caix (acting)
      19 Apr 1923 – 29 Nov 1924: Maxime Weygand
      29 Nov 1924 – 23 Dec 1925: Maurice Sarrail
      23 Dec 1925 – 23 Jun 1926: Henry de Jouvenel
      Aug 1926 – 16 Jul 1933: Auguste Henri Ponsot
      16 Jul 1933 – Jan 1939: Damien de Martel
      Jan 1939 – Nov 1940: Gabriel Puaux
      24 Nov 1940 – 27 Nov 1940: Jean Chiappe (died on flight to take office)
      6 Dec 1940 – 16 Jun 1941: Henri Dentz
      24 Jun 1941 – 7 Jun 1943: Georges Catroux
      7 Jun 1943 – 23 Nov 1943: Jean Helleu
      23 Nov 1943 – 23 Jan 1944: Yves Chataigneau
      23 Jan 1944 – 1 Sep 1946: Étienne Paul-Émile-Marie Beynet


      Governors Jabal Druze State


      Amir Salim Pasha al-Atrash (1 May 1921 – 15 September 1923)
      Trenga (provisional) (September 1923 – 6 March 1924)
      Gabriel Marie Victor Carbillet (6 March 1924 – 14 October 1925), provisional to 1 October 1924
      Sultan Pasha al-Atrash (18 July 1925 – 1 June 1927), chief of state; in dissidence
      Charles Andréa (15 October 1925 – 1927)
      Marie Joseph Léon Augustin Henry (1927)
      Abel Jean Ernest Clément-Grancourt (1927–1932)
      Claude-Gabriel-Renaud Massiet (3 February 1932 – 28 January 1934)
      Justin-Antoine Devicq (1934–1935)
      Pierre-Joseph-François Tarrit (1935 – 2 December 1936)


      = Hatay State

      =
      Hatay State (Turkish: Hatay Devleti; French: État du Hatay; Arabic: دولة حطاي, romanized: Dawlat Ḥaṭāy), also known informally as the Republic of Hatay (Arabic: جمهورية حطاي, romanized: Jumhūriyyat Ḥaṭāy), was a transitional political entity that existed from 7 September 1938 to 29 June 1939, being located in the territory of the Sanjak of Alexandretta of the French Mandate of Syria. The state was transformed de facto into the Hatay Province of Turkey on 7 July 1939, de jure joining the country on 23 July 1939.


      Alawite State


      The Alawite State was run by a succession of French governors from 1920 to 1936:

      2 September 1920 – 1921: Colonel Marie Joseph Émile Niéger (b. 1874; d. 1951)
      1921–1922: Gaston Henri Gustave Billotte (b. 1875; d. 1940)
      1922–1925: Léon Henri Charles Cayla (b. 1881; d. 1965)
      1925 – 5 December 1936: Ernest Marie Hubert Schoeffler (b. 1877; d. 1952)
      The Sunni landowners, primarily living in the province's cities, were supporters of Syrian unity; however, the French were supported by the rural Alawite communities to whom they catered.
      In 1930 the Alawite State was renamed as the Government of Latakia, the only concession by the French to Arab nationalists until 1936.


      List




      = Supreme Leader of Syria

      =


      List of officeholders




      = Second Syrian Republic (1950–1958)

      =


      = United Arab Republic (1958–1961)

      =


      = Syrian Arab Republic (1961–2024)

      =


      General Secretary of the National Command of the Ba'ath Party (1963-2024)


      The General Secretary of the National Command of the Ba'ath Party was the most powerful ocupation in Syria from 9 March 1963 to 18 November 1970


      Secretary of the Syrian Regional Command of the Ba'ath Party (1963-2024)


      The Secretary of the Syrian Regional Command of the Ba'ath Party is the most powerful ocupation in Syria since 18 November 1970


      See also


      List of Vice Presidents of Syria
      List of Prime Ministers of Syria
      List of Presidents of Parliament of Syria
      List of foreign ministers of Syria
      President of Syria
      Vice President of Syria
      Prime Minister of Syria

      Speaker of the People's Assembly of Syria


      References




      = Citations

      =


      = Bibliography

      =

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