• Source: List of IEEE Milestones

The following list of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) milestones represents key historical achievements in electrical and electronic engineering.




Prior to 1800


1751 – Book Experiments and Observations on Electricity by Benjamin Franklin
1757–1775 – Benjamin Franklin's Work in London
1799 – Alessandro Volta's Electrical Battery Invention




1800–1850


1804 – Francisco Salvá Campillo's Electric Telegraph
1920–1827 – The Birth of Electrodynamics
1828–1837 – Pavel Schilling's Pioneering Contribution to Practical Telegraphy
1836 – Nicholas Callan's Pioneering Contributions to Electrical Science and Technology
1838 – Demonstration of Practical Telegraphy




1850–1870


1852 – Electric Fire alarm system
1860–1871 – Maxwell's equations
1860–1863 – First Studies on Ring Armature for Direct-Current Dynamos
1861 – Transcontinental Telegraph
1861–1867 – Standardisation of the Ohm
1866 – Landing of the Transatlantic Cable
1866 – County Kerry Transatlantic Cable Stations




1870–1890


1876 – First Intelligible Voice Transmission over Electric Wire
1876 – Thomas Alva Edison Historic Site at Menlo Park
1876 – First Distant Speech Transmission in Canada
1882 – Vulcan Street Plant
1882 – First Central Station in South Carolina
1882 – Pearl Street Station
1884 – First AIEE Technical Meeting
1885 – Galileo Ferraris's Rotating Fields and Early Induction Motors
1886 – Alternating Current Electrification, Great Barrington, Massachusetts, by William Stanley, Jr.
1886 – First Generation and Experimental Proof of Electromagnetic Waves
1886–1888 – Electric Lighting of the Kingdom of Hawaii
1887 – Thomas A. Edison West Orange Laboratories and Factories
1887 – Weston Meters, first portable current and voltage meters
1888 – Richmond Union Passenger Railway
1889 – Power System of Boston's Rapid Transit
1889 – First Exploration and Proof of Liquid Crystals




1890–1900



1890 – Discovery of Radioconduction by Édouard Branly, making use of a coherer
1890 – Keage Power Station, Japan's First Commercial Hydroelectric Plant
1891 – Ames Hydroelectric Generating Plant
1893 – Mill Creek No. 1 Hydroelectric Plant
1893 – Birth and Growth of Primary and Secondary Battery Industries in Japan
1894 – First Millimeter-wave Communication Experiments by Jagadish Chandra Bose
1895 – Adams Hydroelectric Generating Plant
1895 – Popov's Contribution to the Development of Wireless Communication
1895 – Guglielmo Marconi's Experiments in Wireless telegraphy
1895 – Electrification by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
1895 – Krka-Šibenik Electric Power System
1895 – Folsom Powerhouse three-phase system
1896 – Budapest Metroline No. 1
1897 – Chivilingo Hydroelectric Plant
1898 – Decew Falls Hydro-Electric Plant
1898 – Rheinfelden Hydroelectric Power Plant
1898 – French Transatlantic Telegraph Cable
1899–1902 – First Operational Use Of Wireless Telegraphy in the Anglo-Boer War
1899 – Calcutta Electric Supply Corp




1900–1920


1900 – Georgetown Steam Hydro Generating Plant
1901 – Transmission of Transatlantic Radio Signals
1901 – Reception of Transatlantic Radio Signals
1901 – Early Developments in Remote-Control by Leonardo Torres Quevedo
1901–1902 – Rationalization of Units
1901–1905 String Galvanometer
1902 – Poulsen-Arc Radio Transmitter
1903 – Vučje Hydroelectric Plant
1904 – Alexanderson Radio Alternator
1904 – Fleming valve
1904 – Radar Predecessor
1906 – Pinawa Hydroelectric Power Project
1906 – First Wireless Radio Broadcast by Reginald Fessenden
1906 – Grand Central Terminal Electrification
1907 – Alternating-Current Electrification of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad
1909 – Shoshone Transmission Line
1909 – World's First Reliable Hight Voltage Power Fuse
1911 – Discovery of superconductivity
1914 – Panama Canal Electrical and Control Installations
1915–1918 – Invention of Sonar
1916 – Czochralski Process




1920–1930


1920 – Westinghouse Radio Station KDKA (AM)
1920 – Funkerberg Königs Wusterhausen first radio broadcast in Germany
1921–1923 – Piezoelectric Oscillator
1921 – RCA Central, 220 kW transoceanic radio facility
1922 – Neutrodyne Circuit
1924 – Directive Shortwave Antenna (Yagi–Uda antenna)
1924–1941 – Development of electronic television
1924 – Enrico Fermi's major contribution to semiconductor statistics
1925 – Bell Telephone Laboratories
1926 – First Public Demonstration of Television
1928 – One-way police radio communication
1928 – Raman Effect
1929 – Shannon Scheme for the electrification of the Irish Free State
1929 – Largest private (DC) generating plant in the U.S.A.
1929 – Yosami Radio Transmitting Station
1929 – First blind takeoff, flight, and landing; using designated radio and aeronautical instrumentation




1930–1940


1930–1945 – Development of Ferrite Materials and their applications
1931 – Invention of Stereo Sound Reproduction
1932 – First Breaking of Enigma Code by the Team of Polish Cipher Bureau
1933 – Two-Way Police Radio Communication
1933 – Invention of a Temperature-Insensitive Quarz Oscillaiton Plate
1934 – Long-Range Shortwave Voice Transmissions from Byrd's Antarctic Expedition
1937 – Westinghouse Atom Smasher
1938 – Zenit Parabolic Reflector L-Band Pulsed Radar
1939 – Atanasoff–Berry Computer
1939–1945 – Code-breaking at Bletchley Park during World War II
1939 – Single-element Unidirectional Microphone – Shure Unidyne
1939 – Claude Shannon, development of Information Theory
1939–1949 – Development of the Cavity Magnetron




1940–1950


1940 – FM Police Radio Communication
1940–1945 – MIT Radiation Laboratory
1940–1946 – Loran, long range navigation
1941 – Opana Radar Site
1942–1945 – US Naval Computing Machine Laboratory
1944–1959 – Whirlwind Computer, Cambridge, Massachusetts
1944–1959 – Harvard Mark 1 Computer
1945 – Merrill Wheel-Balancing System
1945 – Rincón del Bonete Plant and Transmission System
1946 – Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)
1946–1953 – Monochrome-Compatible Electronic Color Television
1946 – Detection of Radar Signals Reflected from the Moon
1947 – Invention of the First Transistor at Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.
1947 – Invention of Holography
1948 – Birth of the Barcode
1948 – The Discovery of the Principle of Self-Complementarity in Antennas and the Mushiake Relationship
1948 – First Atomic Clock
1948–1951 – Manchester University "Baby" Computer and its Derivatives




1950–1960


1950–1969 – Electronic Technology for Space Rocket Launches
1950 – First External Cardiac Pacemaker
1951 – Manufacture of Transistors
1951 – Experimental Breeder Reactor I
1951–1958 – SAGE-Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
1951–1952 – A-0 Compiler and Initial Development of Automatic Programming
1953 – First Television Broadcast in Western Canada
1954 – Gotland High Voltage Direct Current Link
1955 – WEIZAC Computer
1956 – RAMAC
1956 – The First Submarine Transatlantic Telephone Cable System (TAT-1)
1956–1963 – Kurobe River No. 4 Hydropower Plant
1956 – Ampex Videotape Recorder
1956 – Birthplace of Silicon Valley
1957–1958 – First Wearable Cardiac Pacemaker
1957 – SRC/Thyristor
1957–1962 – Atlas Computer and the Invention of Virtual Memory
1958 – First Semiconductor Integrated Circuit (IC) by Jack Kilby
1958 – Star of Laufenburg Interconnection
1958 – The Trans-Canada Microwave System
1959 – Semiconductor planar process by Jean Hoerni and silicon integrated circuit by Robert Noyce
1959 – Commercialization and industrialization of photovoltaic cells by Sharp Corporation




1960–1970


1961–1984 – IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center
1960 – TIROS I Television Infrared Observation Satellite
1960 – First Working Laser
1961–1964 – First Optical Fiber Laser and Amplifier
1962–1967 – Object-oriented programming
1962 – Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
1962 – Alouette-ISIS Satellite Program
1962 – First Transatlantic Television Signal via Satellite
1962 – First Transatlantic Transmission of a Television Signal via Satellite
1962 – First Transatlantic Reception of a Television Signal via Satellite
1962–1967 – Pioneering Work on the Quartz Electronic Wristwatch at Centre Electronique Horloger, Switzerland
1962 – Mercury spacecraft MA-6, Col. John Glenn piloted the Mercury Friendship 7 spacecraft in the first FAI-legal completed human-orbital flight on 20 February 1962.
1962–1972 – Grumman Lunar Module
1962–1972 – Apollo Guidance Computer
1962–1968 – First Geographic Information System
1962 – Semiconductor Laser
1963 – Taum Sauk Pumped-Storage Electric Power Plant
1963 – NAIC/Arecibo Radiotelescope
1963 – Taum Sauk Pumped-Storage Electric Power Plant
1963 – First Transpacific Reception of a Television (TV) Signal via Satellite
1963 – ASCII
1964 – Mount Fuji Radar System
1964 – Tokaido Shinkansen (Bullet Train)
1964–1973 – Pioneering Work on Electronic Calculators by Sharp Corporation
1964 – TPC-1 Transpacific Cable System
1964 – High-definition television System
1964 – BASIC Computer Language
1965–1984 – Alvin Deep-Sea Research Submersible
1965 – First 735 kV AC Transmission System
1965–1971 – Railroad Ticketing Examining System (developed by OMRON of Japan)
1965 – Dadda multiplier
1965 – Moore's Law
1965–1978 – Development of Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
1966 – Interactive Video Games
1966 – Shakey, the first mobile robot to be able to reason about its actions
1966 – DIALOG Online Search System
1967 – First Astronomical Observations Using Very Long Baseline Interferometry
1968 – CERN Experimental Instrumentation
1968 – Liquid-crystal display by George H. Heilmeier
1968 – Public Demonstration of Online Systems and Personal Computing
1969 – Electronic Quartz Wristwatch, Seiko Quartz-Astron 35SQ
1969 – Birth of the Internet
1969 – Inception of the ARPANET
1969–1975 – Invention of Public-key Cryptography
1969 – Apollo 11 Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment (LURE)
1969 – Parkes Radiotelescope
1969–1995 – Mode S Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System




1970–1980


1970 – World's First Low-Loss Optical Fiber for Telecommunications
1971–1978 – The first word processor for the Japanese Language, JW-10
1969–1970 – SPICE Circuit Simulation Program
1971 – Demonstration of the ALOHA Packed Radio Data Network
1971 – First Computerized Tomography (CT) X-ray Scanner
1971–1977 – Development of the Commercial Laser Printer
1972 – Nelson River HVDC Transmission System
1972 – Development of the HP-35, the First Handheld Scientific Calculator
1972 – Eel River High Voltage Direct Current Converter Station
1972 – First Practical Field Emission Electron Microscope
1972 – SHAKEY: The World’s First Mobile Intelligent Robot
1972 – Polymer Self-Regulating Heat-Tracing Cable
1972–1989 – Gravitational-Wave Antenna
1972–1987 – Deep Space Station 43
1972–1983 – The Xerox Alto Establishes Personal Networked Computing
1973–1985 – Superconducting Magnet System for the Fermilab Tevatron Accelerator/Collider
1973 – The First Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)
1973–1985 – Ethernet Local Area Network (LAN)
1974 – First 500 MeV Proton Beam from the TRIUMF Cyclotron
1974–1982 – First Real-Time Speech Communication on Packet Networks
1974 – The CP/M Microcomputer Operating System
1974 – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Enables the Internet
1975 – Line Spectrum Pair (LSP) for high-compression speech coding
1975 – Gapless Metal Oxide Surge Arrester (MOSA) for electric power systems
1975 – Handheld Digital Camera
1976 – Development of VHS, a World Standard for Home Video Recording
1976–1978 – The Floating Gate EEPROM
1977 – Lempel–Ziv Data Compression Algorithm
1977 – Vapor-phase Axial Deposition Method for Mass Production of High-quality Optical Fiber
1977 – Perpendicular Magnetic Recording
1978 – Speak & Spell, the First Use of a Digital Signal Processing IC for Speech Generation
1978 – First Digitally Processed Image from a Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
1978 – First Demonstration of a Fibre Bragg Grating
1979 – Compact disc Audio Player
1979 – 20-inch Diameter Photomultiplier Tubes
1979 – Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Field-Effect Transistor Switches for Liquid Crystal Displays
1979 – HEMT (high-electron-mobility transistor)




1980 to present


1980 – International Standardization of Group 3 Facsimile
1980–1982 – First RISC (Reduced Instruction-Set Computing) Microprocessor
1980 – Outdoor large-scale color display system
1980 – MPD7720DSP, programmable digital signal processor chip μPD7720
1980–1981 – Inverter-Driven Air Conditioner
1980–1999 – Origin of the IEEE 802 Family of Networking Standards
1981 – 16-Bit Monolithic Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for Digital Audio
1981 – Map-Based Automotive navigation system
1981–1988 – The Development of RenderMan for Photorealistic Graphics
1982 – Nobeyama 45-m Telescope
1982 – Human Rescue Enabled by Space Technology
1982 – First Large-Scale Fingerprint ID
1982 – Commercialization of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors with Nickel Electrodes
1984 – First Direct-broadcast satellite Service
1984 – The MU (Middle and Upper atmosphere) radar
1984–1989 – Active Shielding of Superconducting Magnets
1984–1993 – MPEG Multimedia Integrated Circuits
1984 – TRON Real-time Operating System Family
1984–1996 – Development of 193-nm Projection Photolithography
1985 – Toshiba T1100, a Pioneering Contribution to the Development of Laptop PC
1985 – Emergency Warning Code Signal Broadcasting System
1985 – Multiple Technologies on a Chip
1985 – IEEE Standard 754 for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic
1986 – Fiber Optic Connectors
1987 – High-Temperature Superconductivity
1987 – SPARC RISC Architecture
1987 – Superconductivity at 93 Kelvin
1987 – WaveLAN, Precursor of Wi-Fi
1987–1995 – MTI Portable Satellite Communication Terminals
1988 – Sharp 14-Inch Thin Film Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) for TV
1988 – Virginia Smith High-Voltage Direct-Current Converter Station
1988 – Trans-Atlantic Telephone Fiber-optic Submarine Cable, TAT-8
1988 – First Robotic Control from Human Brain Signals
1989 – Development of CDMA for Cellular Communications
1994 – Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
1994 – QR (Quick Response) Code
1996–1998 – PageRank and the Birth of Google
1996 – Large-Scale Commercialization of a CDMA Cellular Communication System




Notes






References






External links


Map of IEEE Milestone plaques

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