• Source: List of Jewish diaspora languages

This is a list of languages and groups of languages that developed within Jewish diaspora communities through contact with surrounding languages.




Afro-Asiatic languages






= Cushitic languages

=
Kayla
Qwara




= Semitic languages

=



Arabic languages

Judeo-Arabic
Judeo-Algerian Arabic
Judeo-Andalusi Arabic (extinct)
Judeo-Egyptian Arabic
Judeo-Iraqi Arabic
Jewish Baghdadi Arabic
Judeo-Levantine Arabic (extinct)
Judeo-Syrian Arabic
Modern Judeo-Palestinian Arabic
Judeo-Moroccan Arabic
Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic
Judeo-Tunisian Arabic
Judeo-Yemeni Arabic
Karaite Egyptian Arabic, based on old Egyptian Arabic



Aramaic languages

Judeo-Aramaic
Hulaulá (Persian Kurdistani Jewish Neo-Aramaic)
Jewish Palestinian Aramaic (extinct)
Galilean dialect (extinct)
Lishana Deni (Zakho Jewish Neo-Aramaic)
Lishan Didan (Persian Azerbaijani Jewish Neo-Aramaic)
Lishanid Noshan (Arbil Jewish Neo-Aramaic)




= Other Afro-Asiatic languages

=
Judeo-Berber (a group of different Jewish Berber languages and their dialects)




Austronesian languages


Judeo-Malay (extinct)




Dravidian languages


Judeo-Malayalam
(both written in local alphabets)




Indo-European languages






= Germanic languages

=
Jewish English Languages
Lachoudisch (extinct)
Lotegorisch (extinct)
Yiddish
Eastern Yiddish
Western Yiddish




= Indo-Aryan languages

=
Judeo-Gujarati
Judeo-Hindustani
Judeo-Marathi
Judeo-Urdu




= Iranian languages

=
Judeo-Bukharic (Bukhari, Bukhori, Judeo-Tajik) (with some city koinés, e.g., Judeo-Tajik koiné of Samarkand)
Judeo-Golpaygani (possibly extinct)
Judeo-Hamedani (possibly extinct)
Judeo-Kashani
Judeo-Persian (Dzhidi, Jidi)
Judeo-Shirazi
Judeo-Tat (Juhuri)




= Romance languages

=
Judeo-Latin (extinct or evolved into Judeo-Romance languages)
Judeo-Aragonese (extinct, but have some impact on Judeo-Spanish citylect of Skopje)
Judeo-Navarro-Aragonese with a significant Jewish koiné of Tudela (extinct)
Judeo-Asturleonese (extinct, but still have some lexical traces in Judeo-Spanish)
Judeo-French (Zarphatic): a group of Jewish northern oïl languages and their dialects (extinct)
Judeo-Portuguese (almost extinct, still preserved in small communities of Portugal, Northern Africa and the Netherlands) and Judeo-Galician (extinct)
Judeo-Provençal (extinct)
Judeo-Sicilian (including the zone of so-called Meridionali Estremi (Far Southern) dialects of Sicily, Calabria and Apulia, including Judeo-Salentino of Corfu) (extinct or almost extinct)



Occitan

Judeo-Gascon
Judeo-Provencal
Judeo-Niçard



Judeo-Spanish (Judezmo, Ladino)

Haketia
Tetuani



Judeo-Italian

Judeo-Ferrarese† (Giudeo-Ferrarese) in Ferrara
Judeo-Modenese† (Giudeo-Modenese) in Modena
Judeo-Pitigliano/ Judeo-Pitgilianese† (Giudeo-Pitigliano/ Giudeo-Pitgiliananese) in Tuscany
Judeo-Salentinian† (Giudeo-Salentino) In Salentino
Judeo-Resan† (Giudeo-Resab) in the region of Reggio Emilia of Emilia-Romagna
Judeo-Torinese† (Giudeo-Torinese) in Turin
Judeo-Italian of Lugo Di Romanga† (Giudeo-italiano di Lugo Di Romanga) in Lugo Di Romanga
Judeo-Italian of Moncalvo† (Giudeo-italiano di Moncalvo) in Moncalvo
Judeo-Italian of Casale Monferrato† (Giudeo-italiano di Casale Monferrato) in Casale Monferrato
Judeo-Italian of Finale Emilia† (Giudeo-italiano di Finale Emilia) in Finale Emilia
Judeo-Roman (Giudeo-Romanesco) in Rome
Bagitto/Judeo-Livornese† (Bagitto/Giudeo-Livornese) in Livorno
Judeo-Florentine† (Giudeo-Fiorentino) in Florence
Judeo-Venetian† (Giudeo-Veneziano) in Venice
Judeo-Triestine† (Giudeo-Triestino) in Trieste
Judeo-Veronese† (Giudeo-Veronese) in Verona
Judeo-Reggiano† (Giudeo-Reggiano) in Reggio Emilia
Judeo-Piedmontese† (Giudeo-Piemontese) in the region of Piedmont
Judeo-Mantuan† (Giudeo-Mantovano) in Mantua




= Other Indo-European languages

=
Judeo-Czech (Knaanic) (extinct)
Judeo-Greek (Romaniyot, Yevanic)
Judeo-Sicilian Greek (extinct)
Judeo-Koiné Greek (extinct)




Kartvelian languages


Judeo-Georgian
Judeo-Mingrelian (first of all — so called Zugdidi–Samurzakano dialect of Mingrelian, e.g. Bandza and Senaki Jews in Western Georgia, but the tendency is to switch to Judeo-Georgian or to standard Georgian) (almost extinct)




Turkic languages


Judeo-Azerbaijani (dialect of previously Aramaic-speaking Jews of Miyandoab)
Judeo-Crimean Tatar (Krymchak) (almost extinct)
Judeo-Turkish (Influenced the Krymchak and some of Karaim languages, or even was the origin of some of them)
Karaim (almost extinct, most likely a group of separate Turkic languages with Kypchak and Oghuz traces With Hebrew words)




Creole languages


Judaeo-Papiamento
Judeo-Manado Malay (extinct)




See also


Jewish languages




References

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• List of Jewish diaspora languages
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• Jewish quarter (diaspora)