- Source: List of Pyrenula species
The genus Pyrenula consists of crustose lichens that usually grow on smooth, shaded bark. About 750 taxa have been named in the genus, although the majority of these names have been excluded from the genus as they have been transferred to other genera, or are considered synonyms. In his world key to the Pyrenula species, published in 2012, André Aptroot accepted 169 species, including 7 not yet formally described. As of January 2024, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 183 species of Pyrenula.
A
Pyrenula abditicarpa Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula acutispora Kalb & Hafellner (1992)
Pyrenula adacta Fée (1825)
Pyrenula aggregataspistea Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula albonigra Aptroot, D.S.Andrade & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula andina Aptroot (2008)
Pyrenula annulata Müll.Arg. (1893)
Pyrenula anomala (Ach.) Vain. (1915)
Pyrenula arthoniotheca Upreti (1998) – India
Pyrenula asahinae (Kashiw. & Kurok.) H.Harada (2004) – Japan
Pyrenula aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Ach. (1814)
Pyrenula astroidea (Fée) R.C.Harris (1989)
Pyrenula asymmetrica Lücking, N.Marín & B.Moncada (2023) – Colombia
Pyrenula aurantiacorubra Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula aurantioinspersa Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula aurantiopileata Aptroot (2007) – Thailand
Pyrenula aurantiothallina C.O.Mendonça, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016) – Brazil
B
Pyrenula baileyi (C.Knight) Shirley (1889)
Pyrenula bataanensis (Rehm) Shoemaker & P.M.LeClair (1975)
Pyrenula bicuspidata Müll.Arg. (1893)
Pyrenula biseptata Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2018)
Pyrenula bispora Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula borneensis Aptroot (2012) – Borneo
Pyrenula breutelii (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot (2011)
C
Pyrenula caraibica Aptroot & Etayo (2003) – Panama
Pyrenula celaticarpa Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula cerina Eschw. (1824)
Pyrenula ceylonensis (Ajay Singh & Upreti) Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula chloroplaca Shirley (1894) – Australia
Pyrenula chlorospila Arnold (1887)
Pyrenula cinnabarina Aptroot, E.L.Lima & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula clavatispora Common & Aptroot (2017) – Florida
Pyrenula coccinea C.O.Mendonça, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016) – Brazil
Pyrenula concatervans (Nyl.) R.C.Harris (1980)
Pyrenula confinis (Nyl.) R.C.Harris (1995)
Pyrenula conspurcata Müll.Arg. (1895)
Pyrenula convexa (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1882)
Pyrenula cornutispora Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula corticata (Müll.Arg.) R.C.Harris (1989)
Pyrenula coryli A.Massal. (1852)
Pyrenula crassiuscula (Malme) Aptroot (2002) – Brazil
Pyrenula cruenta (Mont.) Vain. (1890)
Pyrenula cruentata (Müll.Arg.) R.C.Harris (1987)
Pyrenula cryptothelia (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot & Etayo (2003) – Panama
D
Pyrenula darjeelingensis Jagad.Ram & G.P.Sinha (2010) – India
Pyrenula decumbens (Müll.Arg.) Upreti (1998)
Pyrenula defossa Müll.Arg. (1882)
Pyrenula dermatodes (Borrer) Schaer. (1850)
Pyrenula diamantinensis C.O.Mendonça, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016) – Brazil
Pyrenula duplicans (Nyl.) Aptroot (2008)
E
Pyrenula endocrocea Aptroot (2012) – Philippines
F
Pyrenula fibrata (Stirt. ex F.M. Bailey) Zahlbr. (1922)
Pyrenula filiformis Aptroot (2014) – New Caledonia
Pyrenula finitima Müll.Arg. (1887)
Pyrenula flavoinspersa Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula fuscoluminata Aptroot (2002)
Pyrenula fusispora (Malme) Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula fusoluminata Aptroot (2002) – Brazil
G
Pyrenula galactina (Shirley) Kantvilas (1988)
Pyrenula gibberulosa (Vain.) Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula globifera (Eschw.) Aptroot (2008)
Pyrenula guyanensis Sipman & Aptroot (2013) – South America
H
Pyrenula hawaiiensis Aptroot (2012) – Hawaii
Pyrenula hibernica (Nyl.) Aptroot & Etayo (2003) – Panama
Pyrenula howeana Aptroot (2007) – Australia
I
Pyrenula immersa Müll.Arg. (1887)
Pyrenula indusiata Müll.Arg. (1895)
Pyrenula infracongruens Aptroot & Schumm (2010)
Pyrenula infraleucotrypa Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula inframamillana Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula infrastroidea Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula inspersicollaris Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula inspersoleucotrypa Aptroot, L.I.Ferraro & M.Cáceres (2014) – Argentina
L
Pyrenula laevigata (Pers.) Arnold (1885)
Pyrenula laii Aptroot (2003) – Taiwan
Pyrenula leptaleoides Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula leucostoma Ach. (1814)
Pyrenula lilacina C.O.Mendonça, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016) – Brazil
Pyrenula luteopruinosa Etayo & Aptroot (2003) – Panama
Pyrenula lyonii (Zahlbr.) Aptroot (2011)
M
Pyrenula macrospora (Degel.) Coppins & P.James (1980)
Pyrenula macularis (Zahlbr.) R.C.Harris (1989)
Pyrenula mamillana (Ach.) Trevis. (1860)
Pyrenula maritima Sipman & Aptroot (2013) – South America
Pyrenula mastigophora Aptroot (2014) – South Solomons
Pyrenula mastophora (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1883)
Pyrenula mastophorizans Müll.Arg. (1885)
Pyrenula mattickiana Sipman & Aptroot (2013) – South America
Pyrenula melaleuca Müll.Arg. (1891)
Pyrenula microcarpa Müll.Arg. (1885)
Pyrenula microcarpoides Müll.Arg. (1895)
Pyrenula micromma (Mont.) Trevis. (1853)
Pyrenula microtheca R.C.Harris (1989)
Pyrenula minae Aptroot & Lücking (2008)
Pyrenula minoides Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula minutispora Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2015) – Brazil
Pyrenula minutissima Aptroot, Valadb. & Sipman (2012) – Iran
Pyrenula monospora Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula montocensis Lücking (2008)
Pyrenula multicolorata Weerakoon & Aptroot (2016) – Sri Lanka
Pyrenula muriciliata Diederich & Ertz (2020) – Mauritius
Pyrenula musaespora Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
N
Pyrenula neojaponica H.Harada (2004) – Japan
Pyrenula neolaevigata H.Harada (2004) – Japan
Pyrenula neosandwicensis Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula nigrocincta Müll.Arg. (1891)
Pyrenula nitida (Weigel) Ach. (1814)
Pyrenula nitidans Müll.Arg. (1891)
Pyrenula nitidella (Flörke ex Schaer.) Müll.Arg. (1885)
Pyrenula nitidula (Bres.) R.C.Harris (1997)
O
Pyrenula occidentalis (R.C.Harris) R.C.Harris (1987)
Pyrenula occulta (C.Knight) Müll.Arg. (1894)
Pyrenula ocellulata Wijey., Lücking & Lumbsch (2012) – Sri Lanka
Pyrenula ochraceoflava (Nyl.) R.C.Harris (1989)
Pyrenula oxysporiza Zahlbr. (1922)
P
Pyrenula papillifera (Nyl.) Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula paraminarum Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula parvinuclea (Meyen & Flot.) Aptroot (1997)
Pyrenula perfecta Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula pinguis Fée (1825)
Pyrenula platystoma (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula plicata Sipman & Aptroot (2013) – South America
Pyrenula porinoides Ach. (1814)
Pyrenula prostrata (Stirt.) D.J.Galloway (2004) – New Zealand
Pyrenula pseudobufonia (Rehm) R.C.Harris (1985)
Pyrenula punctoleucotrypa Aptroot, L.I.Ferraro & M.Cáceres (2014) – Argentina
Pyrenula pyrenastroides (C.Knight) D.J.Galloway (2004) – New Zealand
Pyrenula pyrenuloides (Mont.) R.C.Harris (1989)
Q
Pyrenula quartzitica Aptroot (2002) – Brazil
Pyrenula quassiicola Fée (1837)
R
Pyrenula ravenelii (Tuck.) R.C.Harris (1989)
Pyrenula reebiae Aptroot & Gueidan (2015) – North America
Pyrenula reginae E.L.Lima, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula relicta Etayo & Puntillo (2011)
Pyrenula rhomboidea Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula rinodinospora Aptroot (2012) – Papua New Guinea
Pyrenula rubroanomala Aptroot & Lücking (2008)
Pyrenula rubroinspersa Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula rubrojavanica Aptroot (2012) – Java
Pyrenula rubrolateralis Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014) – Brazil
Pyrenula rubromamillana E.L.Lima, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula rubronitidula Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula rubrostigma Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
Pyrenula rubrostoma R.C.Harris (1980)
S
Pyrenula salmonea Aptroot (2021) – Brazil
Pyrenula sanguinea Aptroot, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula sanguineoastroidea Aptroot (2021) – Brazil
Pyrenula sanguineomeandrata Aptroot & Mercado Diaz (2018)
Pyrenula sanguineostiolata Aptroot & Mercado Diaz (2018)
Pyrenula santensis (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1882)
Pyrenula schiffneri (Zahlbr.) Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula segregata (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1887)
Pyrenula seminuda (Müll.Arg.) Sipman & Aptroot (2013) – South America
Pyrenula sexlocularis (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1877)
Pyrenula sexluminata Aptroot (2011)
Pyrenula shirleyana (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot (2007) – Australia
Pyrenula sipmanii Aptroot & K.H.Moon (2009) – South Korea
Pyrenula spissitunicata Aptroot (2014) – South Solomons
Pyrenula subcongruens Müll.Arg. (1895)
Pyrenula subcylindrica Jagad.Ram & Upreti (2005) – India
Pyrenula subsoluta (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot (2008)
Pyrenula subumbilicata (C.Knight) Aptroot (2007) – Australia
Pyrenula subvariabilis Aptroot & Sipman (2018)
Pyrenula subvariolosa (C.Knight) Aptroot (2007) – Australia
Pyrenula supracongruens Aptroot & Schumm (2010)
Pyrenula supralaetior C.O.Mendonça, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016) – Brazil
T
Pyrenula tetraspora Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
Pyrenula thailandica Aptroot (2012) – Papua New Guinea; India; Thailand
Pyrenula tokyoensis (Müll.Arg.) H.Harada (2004) – Japan
Pyrenula triangularis Aptroot & Sipman (2013) – South America
V
Pyrenula velatior Müll.Arg. (1885)
Pyrenula vermicularis (Kashiw. & Kurok.) H.Harada (2004) – Japan
Pyrenula violaceastroidea C.O.Mendonça, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016) – Brazil
Pyrenula viridipyrgilla Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013) – South America
W
Pyrenula warmingii (Kremp.) Müll.Arg. (1884)
Pyrenula welwitschii (Upreti & Ajay Singh) Aptroot (2011)
X
Pyrenula xanthinspersa Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2018)
Pyrenula xanthoglobulifera Aptroot, Lücking & M.Cáceres (2013) – Brazil
Pyrenula xanthominuta Aptroot (2007) – Australia
Former Pyrenula species
Many taxa once placed in Pyrenula have been moved to other genera or have been synonymized; these former Pyrenula species are listed here.
Pyrenula achariana (Fée) Vain. (1901) = Melanotheca achariana
Pyrenula achroopora (Nyl.) Arnold (1871) = Pyrenula dermatodes
Pyrenula addubitans (Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1922) = Pleospora addubitans
Pyrenula aenea (Körb.) Rabenh. (1870) = Pseudosagedia aenea
Pyrenula aethiobola (Wahlenb.) Ach. (1814) = Verrucaria aethiobola
Pyrenula albissima (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Leptorhaphis epidermidis
Pyrenula americana (A.Massal.) Trevis. (1853) = Anisomeridium americanum
Pyrenula analepta (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Arthopyrenia analepta
Pyrenula annularis Fée (1825) = Astrothelium annulare
Pyrenula aractina (Wahlenb.) Ach. (1814) = Hydropunctaria aractina
Pyrenula areolata Ach. (1814) = Staurothele areolata
Pyrenula arthonioides (Eschw.) Vain. (1901) = Pyrenula arthoniotheca
Pyrenula biformis Hepp (1853) = Microthelia biformis
Pyrenula canellae-albae Fée (1837) = Sulcopyrenula canellae-albae
Pyrenula carpinea (Pers.) Trevis. (1853) = Segestria carpinea
Pyrenula cartilaginea Fée (1825) = Astrothelium cartilagineum
Pyrenula catalepta (Ach.) Ach. (1814) = Verrucaria aethiobola
Pyrenula catervaria (Fée) A.Massal. (1855) = Trypethelium variolosum
Pyrenula cerasi (Schrad.) Trevis. (1853) = Arthopyrenia cerasi
Pyrenula ceratina Fée (1837) = Astrothelium ceratinum
Pyrenula chilensis (Fée) R.C.Harris (1989) = Parmentaria chilensis
Pyrenula chlorotica (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Pseudosagedia chlorotica
Pyrenula cinchonae (Ach.) Tuck. (1868) = Constrictolumina cinchonae
Pyrenula circumrubens (Nyl.) B. de Lesd. (1910) = Pyrenula cruenta
Pyrenula clandestina Ach. (1814) = Clandestinotrema clandestinum
Pyrenula clopima (Wahlenb.) Ach. (1814) = Staurothele clopima
Pyrenula coactella (Stirt.) Upreti (1998) = Melanothecopsis coactella
Pyrenula collospora Vain. (1918) = Bogoriella collospora
Pyrenula diluta (Fée) Tuck. (1868) = Pseudopyrenula diluta
Pyrenula discissa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (1922) = Phaeotrema discissum
Pyrenula discolor Ach. (1814) = Ampliotrema discolor
Pyrenula elaeina (Borrer) Schaer. (1850) = Verrucaria elaeina
Pyrenula emergens (Müll.Arg.) Vain. (1930) = Pyrenula pinguis
Pyrenula endococcoidea (Nyl.) Willey (1892) = Phaeospora rimosicola
Pyrenula epidermidis (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Leptorhaphis epidermidis
Pyrenula fallaciosa (Stizenb. ex Arnold) Willey (1892) = Arthopyrenia fallaciosa
Pyrenula flaventior (Stirt.) Müll.Arg. (1887) = Pyrenula mastophora
Pyrenula fraxini (A.Massal.) Trevis. (1853) = Naetrocymbe fraxini
Pyrenula fuliginea Ach. (1814) = Thelignya lignyota
Pyrenula funckii Spreng. (1826) = Verrucaria funckii
Pyrenula fusca (Kremp.) Vain. (1915) = Pyrenula anomala
Pyrenula gaudichaudii (Fée) Pers. (1827) = Nigrovothelium tropicum
Pyrenula gelatinosa (Ach.) Schaer. (1850) = Agonimia gelatinosa
Pyrenula gemmata (Ach.) Nägeli (1853) = Acrocordia gemmata
Pyrenula gemmifera (Taylor) Willey (1887) = Tichothecium gemmiferum
Pyrenula gibbosa Ach. (1810) = Rimularia gibbosa
Pyrenula glabra (A.Massal.) Trevis. (1853) = Swinscowia glabra
Pyrenula glabratula (Nyl.) Arnold (1871) = Pyrenula dermatodes
Pyrenula guayaci (Fée) Müll.Arg. (1888) = Parapyrenis guayaci
Pyrenula harrisii Hafellner & Kalb (1992) = Pyrenula occidentalis
Pyrenula henatomma (Ach.) Ach. (1810) = Ocellularia henatomma
Pyrenula hyalospora (Nyl.) Tuck. (1872) = Lithothelium hyalosporum
Pyrenula hydrela (Ach.) Schaer. (1850) = Verrucaria hydrela
Pyrenula infernalis (Mont.) Trevis. (1853) = Megalotremis infernalis
Pyrenula interjungens (Nyl.) Lange (1872) = Pseudosagedia interjungens
Pyrenula kakouettae Sérus. (1992) = Pyrenula acutispora
Pyrenula kunthii (Fée) Fée (1837) = Pyrenula mamillana
Pyrenula leucocephala (Ach.) Ach. (1814) = Lecanactis abietina
Pyrenula leucoplaca (Wallr.) Körb. (1855) = Eopyrenula leucoplaca
Pyrenula libricola Fée (1837) = Pyrenula leucostoma
Pyrenula lignyota (Wahlenb.) Ach. (1814) = Thelignya lignyota
Pyrenula lithina (Ach.) Ach. (1814) = Staurothele fissa
Pyrenula marcida Fée (1825) = Astrothelium marcidum
Pyrenula margacea (Wahlenb.) Ach. (1809) = Verrucaria margacea
Pyrenula marginata Hook. (1822) = Pyrenula mamillana
Pyrenula martinicana (Vain.) R.C.Harris (1989) = Pyrenula caraibica
Pyrenula mastoidea Ach. (1814) = Clathroporina mastoidea
Pyrenula megalospora Fink (1899) = Acrocordia megalospora
Pyrenula melanospora Hepp (1860) = Mycomicrothelia melanospora
Pyrenula micromma Shirley (1890) = Pyrenula occulta
Pyrenula microscopica Müll.Arg. (1867) = Mycoporopsis microscopica
Pyrenula microthelia (Wallr.) Schaer. (1850) = Roselliniella microthelia
Pyrenula neoculata Aptroot (2007) = Anthracothecium oculatum
Pyrenula nigrescens (Pers.) Ach. (1814) = Verrucaria nigrescens
Pyrenula nitens (Fée) Fée (1837) = Architrypethelium nitens
Pyrenula nitidella f. chlorospila (Arnold) Szatala (1940) = Pyrenula chlorospila
Pyrenula obovata (Stirt.) Shirley (1890) = Bogoriella obovata
Pyrenula ocellata (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. (1922) = Polymeridium ocellatum
Pyrenula ochraceoflavens (Nyl.) R.C.Harris (1989) = Pyrenula ochraceoflava
Pyrenula olivacea Schaer. (1850) = Pseudosagedia borreri
Pyrenula olivacea (Pers.) Hepp (1857) = Arthopyrenia analepta
Pyrenula oxyspora (Nyl.) Hepp (1857) = Leptorhaphis epidermidis
Pyrenula oxyspora Müll.Arg. (1895) = Pyrenula oxysporiza
Pyrenula papularis (Fr.) Schaer. (1850) = Thelidium papulare
Pyrenula perpusilla (Nyl.) Willey (1887) = Endococcus rugulosus
Pyrenula pertusarioidea Kremp. (1881) = Polyblastiopsis pertusarioidea
Pyrenula planorbis (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Constrictolumina planorbis
Pyrenula punctiformis (Pers.) Trevis. (1853) = Naetrocymbe punctiformis
Pyrenula pupula Ach. (1814) = Astrothelium pupula
Pyrenula pygmaea (Körb.) Tuck. (1872) = Muellerella pygmaea
Pyrenula quercus (A.Massal.) Trevis. (1853) = Cyrtidula quercus
Pyrenula quinqueseptata (Nyl.) Tuck. (1872) = Polymeridium quinqueseptatum
Pyrenula quinqueseptata Aptroot (1997) = Pyrenula sexluminata
Pyrenula rhyponta (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Naetrocymbe rhyponta
Pyrenula salicis (A.Massal.) Trevis. (1853) = Arthopyrenia salicis
Pyrenula sphaeroides Schaer. (1850) = Zignoella sphaeroides
Pyrenula staurospora Tuck. ex Willey (1892) = Sulcopyrenula staurospora
Pyrenula subandamanica Upreti (1998) = Parmentaria andamanensis
Pyrenula subfarinosa Fée (1825) = Phaeotrema subfarinosum
Pyrenula submersa (Borrer) Schaer. (1850) = Verrucaria hydrela
Pyrenula subprostans (Nyl.) Tuck. (1872) = Anisomeridium subprostans
Pyrenula subsimplex Vain. (1915) = Melanotheca vainioensis
Pyrenula tetracerae (Ach.) Ach. (1814) = Porina tetracerae
Pyrenula thelena (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Bogoriella thelena
Pyrenula tremulae (Körb.) Hepp (1860) = Leptorhaphis tremulae
Pyrenula tropica (Ach.) Trevis. (1853) = Nigrovothelium tropicum
Pyrenula uberina (Fée) Fée (1837) = Architrypethelium uberinum
Pyrenula umbonata Ach. (1810) = Pyrenocarpon thelostomum
Pyrenula umbrata Ach. (1814) = Thelotrema umbratum
Pyrenula variolosa Pers. (1827) = Anthracothecium variolosum
Pyrenula ventosicola (Mudd) Willey (1887) = Muellerella ventosicola
Pyrenula vermicellifera (J.Kunze) Link (1833) = Opegrapha vermicellifera
Pyrenula verrucosa Ach. (1810) = Polyblastia verrucosa
Pyrenula wallrothii Hepp (1860) = Mycomicrothelia wallrothii
Pyrenula zwackhii (Hepp) Hepp (1867) = Thelidium zwackhii
Notes
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- List of Pyrenula species
- Pyrenula
- Pyrenula sanguinea
- Pyrenula luteopruinosa
- Pyrenula ochraceoflava
- Pyrenula quartzitica
- Pyrenula aurantiacorubra
- Pyrenula rubrolateralis
- Pyrenula fusoluminata
- Pyrenula abditicarpa
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