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Source: List of red seaweeds of South Africa

This is a list of red seaweeds (Domain: Eukaryota, Division: Rhodophyta) recorded from the oceans bordering South Africa.
This list comprises locally used common names, scientific names with author citation and recorded ranges. Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the Republic of South Africa.
List ordering and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in Algaebase, and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule.
Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Red algae, or Rhodophyta (, ; from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon) 'rose' and φυτόν (phutón) 'plant'), make up one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae. The Rhodophyta comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing over 7,000 recognized species within over 900 genera amidst ongoing taxonomic revisions. The majority of species (6,793) are Florideophyceae, and mostly consist of multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds. Red algae are abundant in marine habitats. Approximately 5% of red algae species occur in freshwater environments, with greater concentrations in warmer areas. Except for two coastal cave dwelling species in the asexual class Cyanidiophyceae, no terrestrial species exist, which may be due to an evolutionary bottleneck in which the last common ancestor lost about 25% of its core genes and much of its evolutionary plasticity.
Red algae form a distinct group characterized by eukaryotic cells without flagella and centrioles, chloroplasts without external endoplasmic reticulum or unstacked (stroma) thylakoids, and use phycobiliproteins as accessory pigments, which give them their red color. Despite their name, red algae can vary in color from bright green, soft pink, resembling brown algae, to shades of red and purple, and may be almost black at greater depths. Unlike green algae, red algae store sugars as food reserves outside the chloroplasts as floridean starch, a type of starch that consists of highly branched amylopectin without amylose. Most red algae are multicellular, macroscopic, and reproduce sexually. The life history of red algae is typically an alternation of generations that may have three generations rather than two. Coralline algae, which secrete calcium carbonate and play a major role in building coral reefs, belong there.
Red algae such as Palmaria palmata (dulse) and Porphyra species (laver/nori/gim) are a traditional part of European and Asian cuisines and are used to make products such as agar, carrageenans, and other food additives. (Full article...)

Class: Bangiophyceae

= Order: Bangiales

= Order: Porphyridiales

Class: Compsopogonophyceae

= Order: Erythropeltidales

Class: Florideophyceae

= Order: Acrochaetiales

= Order Balliales

= Order Bonnemaisoniales

= Order Ceramiales

= Order Colaconematales

= Order Corallinales

= Order Gelidiales

= Order Gigartinales

= Order Gracilariales

= Order Halymeniales

= Order Hildenbrandiales

= Order Nemaliales

= Order Nemastomatales

= Order Palmariales

= Order Peyssonneliales

= Order Plocamiales

= Order Rhodymeniales

Class Rhodophyta incertae sedis

= Order Rhodophycophyta incertae sedis

Class: Stylonematophyceae

= Order: Stylonematales

See also

Geographical position of places mentioned in species ranges

References

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