• Source: Machimosauridae

Machimosauridae is an extinct family of teleosauroid thalattosuchian crocodyliforms. The family was first identified in 2016, when fossils of teleosauroid thalattosuchians, including an indeterminate close relative of Lemmysuchus and Machimosaurus, were described from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Morocco. The family was largely expanded in 2020 when the systematics of Teleosauroidea were re-reviewed. Members of this family generally were larger than the teleosaurids.




Classification


Machimosauridae is a diverse group of teleosauroids, phylogenetically defined in the PhyloCode by Mark T. Young and colleagues as "the largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Machimosaurus hugii, but not Teleosaurus cadomensis." The less inclusive subfamily Machimosaurinae is defined in the PhyloCode as "the largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Machimosaurus hugii, but not Deslongchampsina larteti, Macrospondylus bollensis, and Charitomenosuchus leedsi". The tribe Machimosaurini contains the largest, most robust, and latest living machimosaurids and is defined in the PhyloCode as "the largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Machimosaurus hugii, but not Neosteneosaurus edwardsi". The members of the Machimosauridae share several unique characters among teleosauroids, which are:

dorsally oriented external nares
the premaxillary anterior and anterolateral margins are not sub-vertical and do not extend ventrally
the premaxilla-maxilla suture is sub-rectangular and slightly interdigitating (most noticeably near the midline)
no anterolateral expansion of the supratemporal fenestrae
the postorbital is excluded from the orbit posteroventral margin
a mostly horizontal pterygoid with a distinct posterolateral angle
the cultriform process of the basisphenoid is exposed and bifurcates the pterygoids
The phylogenetic relationships of the Machimosauridae were analyzed in a comprehensive analysis of teleosauroid relationships. The results of the analysis are shown below:




Evolution


Machimosaurids grew in body size and diversified feeding strategies throughout their evolutionary history. Primitive machimosaurids, such as Macrospondylus and Charitomenosuchus, were longirostrine (long-snouted) generalists with body lengths less than 5 m (16 ft) long. Machimosaurines originated in the Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic and simultaneously underwent a decrease in snout length but an increase in body size with Neosteneosaurus reaching up to 6.6 m (22 ft) long. Machimosaurins were the largest teleosauroids, with body lengths up to 7.1 m (23 ft) (Machimosaurus rex), and were durophagous hunters, meaning they fed on hard prey.




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Machimosaurus
• Machimosauridae
• Teleosauridae
• Machimosaurus
• Teleosauroidea
• Thalattosuchia
• Macrospondylus
• Metriorhynchus
• Oxford Clay
• Lemmysuchus
• Turnersuchus