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- Source: MANF
Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), Arginine-rich, mutated in early-stage tumors (ARMET), or arginine-rich protein (ARP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MANF housekeeping gene.
This gene encodes a highly conserved protein whose function is known. The protein was initially thought to be longer at the N-terminus and to contain an arginine-rich region but transcribed evidence indicates a smaller open reading frame that does not encode the arginine tract. The presence of a specific mutation changing the previously numbered codon 50 from ATG to AGG, or deletion of that codon, has been reported in a variety of solid tumors. With the protein size correction, this codon is now identified as the initiation codon.
MANF has cytoprotective effects in neurons and pancreatic β cells, both in vitro (cell culture) and in vivo (animal models of neurodegeneration and diabetes). Specifically, it protects dopamine neurons from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced death. It exerts this action by binding to ERN1, the unfolded protein response (UPR) sensor in the ER, which results in the attenuation of UPR.
References
External links
Human MANF genome location and MANF gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
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