• Source: NGC 4622

NGC 4622, also known as the Backward Galaxy, is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy with a very prominent ring structure located in the constellation Centaurus. The galaxy is a member of the Centaurus Cluster.




Spiral structure



The spiral galaxy NGC 4622 lies approximately 111 million light years away from Earth in the constellation Centaurus. NGC 4622 is an example of a galaxy with leading spiral arms. Each spiral arm winds away from the center of the galaxy and ends at an outermost tip that "points" in a certain direction (away from the arm). Spiral arms were thought to always trail, meaning that the outermost tip of every spiral arm points away from the direction of the disk's orbital rotation. This is true of the inner spiral arm of NGC 4622 but not of its outer spiral arms. The outer arms of NGC 4622 are instead leading spiral arms, meaning the tips of the spiral arms point towards the direction of disk rotation. This may be the result of a gravitational interaction between NGC 4622 and another galaxy or the result of a merger between NGC 4622 and a smaller object.
NGC 4622 also has a single inner trailing spiral arm. Although it was originally suspected that the inner spiral arm was a leading arm, the observations that established that the outer arms were leading also established that the inner arm was trailing.
These results were met with skepticism in part because they contradicted conventional wisdom with one quote being “so you’re the backward astronomers who found the backward galaxy.” Astronomical objections centered on the fact that dust reddening and cloud silhouettes were used to determine that the outer arms lead. The galaxy disk is tilted only 19 degrees from face-on making near to far-side effects of dust hard to discern and because clumpy dust clouds might be concentrated on one side of the disk, creating misleading results.

In response, new research determined NGC 4622's spiral arm sense with a method independent of the previous work. The Fourier component method reveals two new weak arms in the inner disk winding opposite the outer strong clockwise pair. Thus the galaxy must have a pair of arms winding in the opposite direction from most galaxies. Analysis of a color-age star formation angle sequence of the Fourier components establishes that the strong outer pair is the leading pair
A Fourier component image of the arm pairs is shown with one of the pair of arms marked for the newly discovered inner CCW pair (black dots) as well as one of the already known (CW) outer pair (white dots).




Supernovae


On May 25, 2001, an image taken by the Hubble Space Telescope captured a supernova in NGC 4622, designated SN 2001jx (type unknown, mag. 17.5). It was discovered by R. Buta and GG Byrd of the University of Alabama as well as T. Freeman of Bevill State Community College. The type of supernova was not determined.
A second supernova in this galaxy was discovered on 14 January 2019, and designated SN 2019so (type Ia-91bg-like, mag. 18.5).




Group and cluster


According to AM Garcia, NGC 4622 is a member of the NGC 4709 group which consists of at least 42 galaxies including NGC 4616, NGC 4622B (also called PGC 42852), NGC 4679 and NGC 4709.
The NGC 4709 group is part of the Centaurus Cluster.




See also


Messier 64 – a spiral galaxy with its gas disk orbiting opposite the disk of stars




References






External links


Media related to NGC 4622 at Wikimedia Commons
Hubble Heritage site: Pictures and description
SKY-MAP.ORG : NGC 4622

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Daftar galaksi cincin
• Daftar objek NGC 4001 - 5000
• NGC 4622
• Spiral arm
• Centaurus
• Fourier transform
• Hyperbolic spiral
• Black Eye Galaxy
• List of ring galaxies
• List of NGC objects (4001–5000)
• NGC 1642
• NGC 7531