- Source: Operation Safed Sagar
Operation Safed Sagar (Hindi: ऑपरेशन सफेद सागर, lit. "Operation White Ocean") was the code name assigned to the Indian Air Force's role in acting jointly with the Indian Army during the 1999 Kargil war that was aimed at flushing out regular and irregular troops of the Pakistani Army from vacated Indian Positions in the Kargil sector along the Line of Control. It was the first large scale use of Airpower in the Jammu and Kashmir region since the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
Operations
= Ground operations
=Initial infiltrations were noticed in Kargil in early May 1999. Because of the extreme winter weather in Kashmir, it was common practice for the Indian and Pakistan Army to abandon forward posts and reoccupy them in the spring. That particular spring, the Pakistan Army started reoccupying the forward posts well before the scheduled time. In a preliminary step in their bid to capture Kashmir, they reoccupied not only their own posts, but also 132 posts that belonged to India.
By the second week of May, an ambush on an Indian army patrol acting on a tip-off by a local shepherd in the Batalik sector led to the exposure of the infiltration. Initially with little knowledge of the nature or extent of the encroachment, the Indian troops in the area initially claimed that they would evict them within a few days. However, reports of infiltration elsewhere along the LoC soon made it clear that the entire plan of attack was on a much bigger scale. India responded with Operation Vijay, a mobilisation of 200,000 Indian troops. However, because of the nature of the terrain, division and corps operations could not be mounted; the scale of most fighting was at the regimental or battalion level. In effect, two divisions of the Indian Army, numbering 20,000, along with several thousand from the Paramilitary forces of India and the air force were deployed in the conflict zone.
the Indian Army moved into the region in full force. The intruders were found to be well entrenched and while artillery attacks had produced results in certain areas, more remote ones needed the help of the air force. To avoid the escalation, the Government of India (GoI) cleared only limited use of Air Power on May 25, more than three weeks after first reports, with the instructions that IAF fighter jets will remain within Indian territory to launch attack on intruder's position within Indian territory and IAF was not permitted to cross the Line of Control under any circumstance.
= Air operations
=Summary of air operations
Breakdown of Total Number of Sorties Flown by Aircraft Type:
Breakdown of Air Operations by Task (Fast Jets)
Aftermath
The lessons learned in this limited war influenced Indian Air Force to upgrade its combat fleet. It acquired and later started co-developing Sukhoi Su-30MKI heavy fighters with Russia beginning in the early 2000s. Development of HAL Tejas was also accelerated.
See also
AGPL (Actual Ground Position Line), south to north runs through the following
NJ9842, LoC ends and AGPL begins
Gyong La
Chumik Glacier
Saltoro Mountains
Saltoro Kangri
Ghent Kangri
Bilafond La
Sia La
Indira Col, AGPL ends at LAC
Borders
Actual Ground Position Line (AGPL)
India–Pakistan International Border (IB)
Line of Control (LoC)
Line of Actual Control (LAC)
Sir Creek (SC)
Borders of China
Borders of India
Borders of Pakistan
Conflicts
Kashmir conflict
Siachen conflict
Sino-Indian conflict
List of disputed territories of China
List of disputed territories of India
List of disputed territories of Pakistan
Northern Areas
Trans-Karakoram Tract
Operations
Operation Meghdoot, by India
Operation Rajiv, by India
Other related topics
Awards and decorations of the Indian Armed Forces
Bana Singh, after whom Quaid Post was renamed to Bana Top
Dafdar, westernmost town in Trans-Karakoram Tract
India-China Border Roads
List of extreme points of India
Sino-Pakistan Agreement for transfer of Trans-Karakoram Tract to China
References
External links
"Kargil Update, Indian Air Force. Periodic Updates – Operation Safed Sagar", Indian Army, Government of India, 15 July 1999, archived from the original on 12 February 2006
"Operation Safed Sagar: A Doctrine Rewritten". Sainik Samachar (October 2001). Archived from the original on 17 July 2012.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Operation Safed Sagar
- Kargil War
- List of military operations of India
- Kargil Air War
- Ashutosh Dixit
- Operation Meghdoot
- Kargil Vijay Diwas
- Mil Mi-17
- No. 9 Squadron IAF
- Dassault Mirage 2000
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