• Source: Order of the Medjidie

Order of the Medjidie (Ottoman Turkish: نشانِ مجیدیه, August 29, 1852 – 1922) was a military and civilian order of the Ottoman Empire. The order was instituted in 1851 by Sultan Abdulmejid I.




History


Instituted in 1851, the order was awarded in five classes, with the First Class being the highest. The order was issued in considerable numbers by Sultan Abdülmecid as a reward for distinguished service to members of the British Army and the Royal Navy and the French Army who came to the aid of the Ottoman Empire during the Crimean War against Russia and to British recipients for later service in Egypt and/or the Sudan. In Britain it was worn after any British gallantry and campaign medals awarded, but, as an order, before foreign medals like the Turkish Crimean War medal. The order was usually conferred on officers but a few enlisted soldiers and sailors also received it in a lower class. During World War I it was also awarded to a number of German, Austrian and Bulgarian officers.
The order was often conferred on non-Turkish nationals.




Design of the order


On the obverse of the star is Sultan Abdülmecid's royal cipher surrounded by an inscription on a gold-bordered circle of red enamel; all on a star of seven triple quills with small crescents and five-pointed stars between them, suspended from a red enameled crescent and star suspender with green enameled edges.

Rough translation of the front:
To the left: (you have) crossed.
To the right: (you are proven to be) correct.
At the top: (you have provided) protection.
At the bottom: Year 1268.
In the centre: In the name of the God the forgiver, the merciful.
The order has 5 classes. First, second, third and fourth classes are gold. Fifth (lower) class is silver.
Owners of the order:

First Class Order (Gold) – 50 people (given by Sultan)
Second Class Order (Gold) – 150 people (given by Sultan)
Third Class Order (Gold) – 800 people
Fourth Class Order (Gold) – 3,000 people
Fifth Class Order (Silver) – 6,000 people




Some notable recipients



Abdelkader El Djezairi, Algerian Islamic scholar and political and military leader who led a struggle against the French invasion.
Shemaiah Angel
Abraham Ashkenazi, chief rabbi of Palestine
Khazʽal Ibn Jabir The Ruler of Arabistan, the Sheikh of Mohammerah
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Ottoman Army officer
Lucien Baudens, French military surgeon
Friedrich von Beck-Rzikowsky,Austrian field marshal, chief of the general staff of the Imperial and Royal Army of Austria-Hungary
Mohammed Shitta Bey, First titled Seriki Musulumi of Lagos & foremost Muslim trader of the Lagos Colony
Edward Wilmot Blyden, pan-Africanist and Liberian statesman
Lord Blyth James Blyth, 1st Baron Blyth, British businessman and politician
Eugène Chauffeur (1830–1904), French Army officer, commander of the Legion of Honour
Dimitrije Cincar-Marković, Serbian prime minister and general
Carol Davila
Charles Doughty-Wylie, English army officer who was later killed in the Gallipoli campaign, ironically in action against Ottoman forces.
Arthur Conan Doyle, Scottish author
Richard England, British soldier
Pierre Louis Charles de Failly, French soldier
Emanuele Luigi Galizia, Maltese architect and civil engineer
Major-General Charles George Gordon, Gordon of Khartoum
George Walter Grabham, British geologist
Tadeusz Przemysław Michał Grocholski (1839–1913), Polish painter
Field Marshal Sir Frederick Haines GCB GCSI CIE (1890–1909)
George Alfred Henty, English commissariat officer and author
Theodor Herzl, journalist and Zionist leader
Auguste Lumière, French industrialist and biologist
Léon-Eugène Méhédin, French architect and photographer
Rafael de Nogales Méndez, Venezuelan soldier, adventurer and writer.
Živojin Mišić, Serbian field marshal and Chef of General Staff
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian Army officer
Sir William Montgomery-Cuninghame, 9th Baronet, British Army Officer and Victoria Cross recipient
Napoleon III, Emperor of The French
Yosef Navon, Jerusalem businessman and the man principally responsible for the construction of the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway
Rear-Admiral Maurice Horatio Nelson, son of Thomas Nelson, 2nd Earl Nelson
Shibli Nomani (1857–1914), Indian Islamic scholar, poet, philosopher, historian
Haim Palachi, chief rabbi of Izmir
General Sir William Parke, British soldier
Louis Pasteur, French chemist and microbiologist
Lord George Paulet, British naval officer
Pedro II of Brazil, Emperor of Brazil
Rahime Perestu Sultan (c. 1830 – c. 1906), valide Sultan (queen mother) of Ottoman Empire
Oswald Longstaff Prowde, English civil engineer on Aswan Low Dam
Ludomił Rayski, Polish pilot
Jules Ernest Renoux, French painter
Cecil Spring Rice, British diplomat
Pierre-Auguste Sarrus, French musician
Charles Pomeroy Stone, career U.S. Army officer, post Civil War soldier of fortune in Ottoman service
Emanuel Stross (1841–1913), Austrian wholesaler in Egypt
Charles Carroll Tevis, American soldier of fortune and Anatolian Cavalry leader
Alfred Tippinge, British Army officer of the Grenadier Guards, and Legion of Honour recipient
Maréchal Vaillant
Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia, Duchess Consort of Brunswick




References






Further reading


Erman, M. Demir, (2023) Osmanlı-Türk Madalya ve Nişanları 1801–1923 – The Ottoman-Turkish Medals and Orders (İMZALI) (in Turkish and English) ISBN 978-605-87186-0-9




External links


Media related to Order of the Medjidie at Wikimedia Commons

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Henry Ponsonby
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• Charles George Gordon
• Order of the Medjidie
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• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
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• Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia
• Jean Gilbert Victor Fialin, duc de Persigny