• Source: Outline of sports

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to sports:
Sport – a physical activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively, sports can be played on land, in water and in the air.




What is a sport?


Sports can be described as all of the following:

Entertainment – Any sport that includes spectators, either free or paid admission, with no pre-scripted plot of the outcome. The athletics might also get entertained by complete sports objective.
Exercise – some sports are physical exercise while others are mental exercise.




Types of sports






List of sports


List of sports




Sport by region


Africa

West Africa
Benin • Burkina Faso • Cape Verde • Côte d'Ivoire • Gambia • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Liberia • Mali • Mauritania • Niger • Nigeria • Senegal • Sierra Leone • Togo
North Africa
Algeria • Egypt • Libya • Mauritania • Morocco • Sudan • Tunisia • Western Sahara
Central Africa
Angola • Burundi • Cameroon • Central African Republic • Chad • The Democratic Republic of the Congo • Equatorial Guinea • Gabon • Republic of the Congo • Rwanda • São Tomé and Príncipe
East Africa
Burundi • Comoros • Djibouti • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Kenya • Madagascar • Malawi • Mauritius • Mozambique • Rwanda • Seychelles • Somalia • Tanzania • Uganda • Zambia • Zimbabwe
Southern Africa
Botswana • Eswatini • Lesotho • Namibia • South Africa
Dependencies
Mayotte (France) • St. Helena (UK) • Puntland • Somaliland • Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Antarctica

None
Asia

Central Asia
Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Tajikistan • Turkmenistan • Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Tibet
Hong Kong • Macau
Japan • North Korea • South Korea • Mongolia • Taiwan
North Asia
Russia
Southeast Asia
Brunei • Burma (Myanmar) • Cambodia • East Timor (Timor-Leste) • Indonesia • Laos • Malaysia • Philippines • Singapore • Thailand • Vietnam
South Asia
Afghanistan • Bangladesh • Bhutan• Iran • Maldives • Nepal • Pakistan • Sri Lanka
India
Delhi
West Asia
Armenia • Azerbaijan • Bahrain • Cyprus (including disputed Northern Cyprus) • Georgia • Iraq • Israel • Jordan • Kuwait • Lebanon • Oman • PalestineQatar • Saudi Arabia • Syria • Turkey • United Arab Emirates • Yemen
Caucasus (a region considered to be in both Asia and Europe, or between them)

North Caucasus
Parts of Russia (Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Adyghea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai)
South Caucasus
Georgia (including disputed Abkhazia, South Ossetia) • Armenia • Azerbaijan (including disputed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic)
Europe

Akrotiri and Dhekelia • Åland • Albania • Andorra • Armenia • Austria • Azerbaijan • Belarus • Belgium • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Bulgaria • Croatia • Cyprus • Czech Republic • Denmark • Estonia • Faroe Islands • Finland • France • Georgia • Germany • Gibraltar • Greece • Guernsey • Hungary • Iceland • Ireland • Isle of Man • Italy • Jersey • Kazakhstan • Kosovo • Latvia • Liechtenstein • Lithuania • Luxembourg • Macedonia • Malta • Moldova (including disputed Transnistria) • Monaco • Montenegro • Netherlands • Norway • Poland • Portugal • Romania • Russia • San Marino • Serbia • Slovakia • Slovenia • Spain • Svalbard • Sweden • Switzerland • Turkey • Ukraine
United Kingdom
England (Birmingham, Bristol, Cornwall, London, Milton Keynes, Sussex, Worthing) • Northern Ireland (Belfast) • Scotland (Glasgow) • Wales (Cardiff)
Vatican City
European Union
North America

Canada
Greenland • Mexico • Saint Pierre and Miquelon
United States
Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Montana • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming
District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.)
Central America
Belize • Costa Rica • El Salvador • Guatemala • Honduras • Nicaragua • Panama
Caribbean
Anguilla • Antigua and Barbuda • Aruba • Bahamas • Barbados • Bermuda • British Virgin Islands • Cayman Islands • Cuba • Dominica • Dominican Republic • Grenada • Haiti • Jamaica • Montserrat • Netherlands Antilles • Puerto Rico • Saint Barthélemy • Saint Kitts and Nevis • Saint Lucia • Saint Martin • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Trinidad and Tobago • Turks and Caicos Islands • United States Virgin Islands
Oceania (includes the continent of Australia)
Australasia
Australia (Brisbane, Sydney)
Dependencies/Territories of Australia
Christmas Island • Cocos (Keeling) Islands • Norfolk Island
New Zealand
Melanesia
Fiji • Indonesia (Oceanian part only) • New Caledonia (France) • Papua New Guinea • Solomon Islands • Vanuatu •
Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia • Guam (US) • Kiribati • Marshall Islands • Nauru • Northern Mariana Islands (USA) • Palau • Wake Island (USA) •
Polynesia
American Samoa (USA) • Chatham Islands (NZ) • Cook Islands (NZ) • Easter Island (Chile) • French Polynesia (France) • Hawaii (USA) • Loyalty Islands (France) • Niue (NZ) • Pitcairn Islands (UK) • Adamstown • Samoa • Tokelau (NZ) • Tonga • Tuvalu • Wallis and Futuna (France)
South America

Argentina • Bolivia • Brazil • Chile • Colombia • Ecuador • Falkland Islands • Guyana • Paraguay • Peru • Suriname • Uruguay • Venezuela
South Atlantic

Ascension Island • Saint Helena • Tristan da Cunha




History of sports


History of sports




Recreational sporting


Sports game
Fantasy sport




Rules


Foul
Goal
Open
Referee
Score
Sudden death
Offside




Sports in court


General
Court of Arbitration for Sport
American football
American Needle, Inc. v. National Football League
Two cases that involved the trademark rights of the Washington Redskins:
Harjo et al v. Pro Football, Inc.
Pro-Football, Inc. v. Harjo
NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma
Association football
Bosman ruling
Fraser v. Major League Soccer
Webster ruling
Baseball
Barry Bonds perjury case
Federal Baseball Club v. National League
Flood v. Kuhn
Seitz decision
Toolson v. New York Yankees
Basketball
Haywood v. National Basketball Association
Robertson v. National Basketball Association
Other sports
Kolpak ruling




Sports training and nutrition



Muscles training
Sports nutrition




Sports medicine


Sports medicine

Concussions in sport
Sports injuries
Sports drink
Doping in sport
List of doping cases in sport




Sports and media


Broadcasting of sports events
Sports Emmy Award
List of sports films
Sports journalism
Sports radio
World record




= Sports magazines

=
Sports Illustrated
SportsEvents Magazine




= Sports television programs

=
Pulp Sport




Sports ethics and conduct


Gamesmanship
Racism in sport
Sportsmanship
Spirit of the Game in Ultimate
Violence in sports
Hooliganism
Violence in baseball
Violence in ice hockey




Sports participants



Animals in sport
Sport horse
Athlete
Coach
Fan
Scout
Sports commentator
Student athlete




Sports venues


Sport venue




= Sports venue features

=
Bleacher
Club seating
Field house
Grandstand
Dohyō
Groundshare
Leisure centre
Luxury box
Medialuna
Palace of Sports
Palaestra
Personal seat license
Turf management




Sports equipment


Floodlights
Sports equipment
Sportswear




Game play


Power play
Losing streak
Grind




Sports management


Sport management

Demonstration sport
Sports marketing
Sponsor
Scout
List of professional sports leagues by revenue




Sports culture


Fan loyalty
National sport
Nudity in sport
Performance art
Sports memorabilia
Sporting club
List of sports attendance figures
List of attendance figures at domestic professional sports leagues




Sports and politics


Politics and sports

Nationalism and sport
Ministry of Sports
Racism in sport
Sport policies of the Arab League
Sport policies of the European Union




Sporting events


Division
International sport
Multi-sport event
National championship
Olympic Games
Sports league
Tournament
World championship
List of professional sports leagues




Sports governing bodies


Sports governing body

Regulation of sport
World governing bodies of various notable sports:

Multisports:
The Olympic Games: International Olympic Committee (IOC)
Association of IOC Recognised International Sports Federations
Baseball and Softball: World Baseball Softball Confederation
Basketball: FIBA (International Basketball Federation), but national pro leagues may diverge from its rules, as in the US
Cricket: International Cricket Council (ICC)
Cue sports: World Confederation of Billiards Sports:
Carom billiards: Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB)
Pocket billiards (pool): World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA)
Snooker and English billiards: World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA or World Snooker)
Football variants have many governing bodies, with widely divergent rules:
Association football (soccer): FIFA
Gridiron football is divided in into:
American football: International Federation of American Football (IFAF) is the world governing body, but U.S. domestic leagues at professional and college levels may diverge from its rules
Canadian football: Canadian Football League (CFL)
Rugby football is divided into two "codes" or sets of rules:
Rugby league: International Rugby League (IRL)
Rugby union: World Rugby (WR)
Australian rules football: AFL Commission
Gaelic football: Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA)
International-rules football: A conference of the AFL and GAA
Golf: International Golf Federation (IGF)
Ice hockey: International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF)
Motor racing:
Car racing: International Federation of the Automobile (FIA)
Motorcycle racing: International Motorcycling Federation (FIM)
Motorboat racing: International Motonautical Union (UIM) and others, depending on boat type
Tennis: International Tennis Federation (ITF)
Underwater sports
Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS)




Sociology of sport



The sociology of sport is a subfield of sociology which aims to study sports through the lens of interactions between different groups and cultures. The field has also investigated how various gender divides in sports can influence feminist movements.




Sport psychology



Sport psychology is the study of how psychological factors can impact engagement in professional and recreational sports, as well as how sports impact an athlete's psychological state. After becoming popular in the early 20th century, it is now a recognized scientific field which is relevant to many different sports. Modern sports psychologists often use a combination of goal setting, visualization techniques and preperformance routines to help athletes achieve their goals.




See also






= Sports-related outlines

=




References






External links



Merriam-Webster dictionary entry
Ancient Olympic Games
Sport and apartheid

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