• Source: Payzawat County

      • Payzawat County, also via SASM/GNC romanization as Payziwat County (Uyghur: پەيزاۋات ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 排孜阿瓦提县), (also Faizabad and Fayzawat) and via Mandarin Chinese as Jiashi County (Chinese: 伽师县) is a county in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China, on the western rim of the Taklamakan Desert. To the east, the county borders Maralbexi County, to the south Yopurga County.


      Name



      The name "Jiashi" was first used in Chinese documents of Tang Dynasty and was adopted when Emperor Guangxu established the county in 1902. Allegedly the word is a transliteration of a celestial Turkic word for jade and has the same origin to "Kashi", Mandarin transliteration for "Kashgar". The Uyghur name "Payziwat" means "God's blessing of fortune" and was sometimes used in documents in Qing Dynasty. Payzawat means 'beautiful land of plenty'.
      The name of the region is also transliterated as Faizabad.


      History


      Peyziwat County was established in July 1902.
      In 1981, there was a brief pro-independence rebellion, the Jiashi uprising (1981年伽师县"5·27"暴乱), in the county staged by Uyghur activists after riots in Kashgar.
      The 1997 Jiashi earthquakes, continuing to 2003, were a series of deadly earthquakes in the county. Rebiya Kadeer wrote that her career was significantly affected by the earthquakes, which were "one of the worst natural disasters that had occurred in the Uyghur nation in recent memory." One hundred villages and one thousand homes were leveled. Kadeer organized donations and aid for the area. In February 2002, a 6.7 magnitude earthquake killed 267 people in Maralbexi County and Payzawat County.
      On August 27, 2008, two ethnic Uyghur police officers were killed.
      On October 20, 2014, Shaptul (Xiaputule) was changed from a township to a town.
      In 2017, Jiashi County Secondary Vocational School (伽师县中等职业学校), one of the Xinjiang internment camps, was increased in size, adding new dormitories and factory warehouses; significant security features were added through the introduction of secure 'military-style management'.
      On the night of January 19, 2020, a strong earthquake (2020年喀什地震) damaged buildings and seriously injured at least one person in the county.


      Administrative divisions


      Payzawat County includes 6 towns, 7 townships, and one other area:


      Economy


      The system of irrigation is well-developed. Agricultural products include wheat, corn, sorghum, cotton and muskmelon. Animal herding is also common, primarily sheep. Specialities of the county include the 'Payzawat melon' (伽师瓜) and white grapes without pits. Industries include tractors, electronics, leather making, construction, and cotton and melon processing.
      As of 1885, there was about 55,400 acres (366,889 mu) of cultivated land in Payzawat.


      Demographics



      As of 2015, 437,073 of the 445,846 residents of the county were Uyghur, 8,342 were Han Chinese, 431 were from other ethnic groups.
      As of 2009, Uyghurs made up 98.9% of the county's population.
      According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 320,000.
      As of 1999, 96.46% of the population of Payzawat (Jiashi) County was Uyghur and 3.52% of the population was Han Chinese.
      In 1997, Uyghurs made up 97.2% of the county's population.


      Climate




      Transportation


      G3012 Turpan–Hotan Expressway


      Historical maps


      Historical English-language maps including Payzawat:



















      Notes




      References




      External links



      Map of Payzawat at Google Maps

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