• Source: Pholadidea

Pholadidea is a taxonomic genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the subfamily Martesiinae of the family Pholadidae (the piddocks). Most members of Pholididea bore into shale, soft rock and coral for shelter, with the exception of Pholididea (Hatasia) wiffenae, which is a wood-borer.




Appearance


The Pholididea are distinguished from the other genera in Martesiinae by having only on umbonal-ventral sulcus, a longitudinally-divided mesoplax, and either no metaplax and hypoplax, or a single plate caused by deposition of calcite in the periostratum.




Occurrence


Pholididea is known from the Eocene to the Holocene, while the subgenus P. (Hatasia) is known only from the Holocene. Species have been reported from the Palaeocene and Late Cretaceous, but these likely belong in other genera.




Taxonomy


The following taxonomic classifications exist in Pholididea:




= Subgenera

=
Pholadidea (Pholadidea) Turton, 1819
Pholadidea (Hatasia) Gray, 1851




= Species

=
Pholadidea acherontea Beu & Climo, 1974
Pholadidea eborensis Cosel & Haga, 2018
Pholadidea fauroti Jousseaume, 1888
† Pholadidea finlayi Laws, 1936
Pholadidea loscombiana Turton, 1819
Pholadidea melanura .B. Sowerby I, 1834
Pholadidea quadra G.B. Sowerby I, 1834
Pholadidea suteri Lamy, 1926
Pholadidea tridens Gray, 1843
Pholadidea tubifera G.B. Sowerby I, 1834
† Pholadidea wiffenae Crampton, 1990
Synonyms
Pholadidea acutithyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960 accepted as Penitella acutithyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960
Pholadidea cheveyi Lamy, 1927 accepted as Aspidopholas ovum W. Wood, 1828
Pholadidea chishimana Habe, 1955 accepted as Penitella gabbii Tryon, 1863
Pholadidea dolichothyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960 accepted as Penitella dolichothyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960
Pholadidea esmeraldensis Olsson, 1961: synonym of Pholadidea tubifera (G. B. Sowerby I, 1834)
Pholadidea minuscula Dall, 1908 accepted as Martesia fragilis Verrill & Bush, 1898
Pholadidea sagitta Dall, 1916 accepted as Penitella penita Conrad, 1837




References



Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp.




External links



Turton, W. (1819) A Conchological Dictionary of the British Islands. J. Booth, London, xxvii + 272 pp., 28 pls
Leach W. E. (1852). Molluscorum Britanniae Synopsis. A synopsis of the Mollusca of Great Britain arranged according to their natural affinities and anatomical structure. London pp. VIII + 376

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