• Source: Pierrot

Pierrot (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [pjɛʁo]) adalah sebuah karakter stok pantonim dan Commedia dell'Arte yang bermula dari kelompok para pemain akhir abad ketujuh belas yang tampil di Paris dan dikenal sebagai Comédie-Italienne; nama tersebut adalah sebuah hipokorisme dari kata Pierre (Petrus), melalui suffix -ot. Karakternya dalam budaya populer kontemporer—dalam puisi, fiksi, dan seni rupa, serta karya-karya panggung, layar lebar, dan balai konser—adalah seorang badut sedih, yang mengharapkan cinta terhadap Columbine, yang biasanya mematahkan hatinya dan berpaling ke Harlequin. Tampil tanpa topeng, dengan wajah yang diputihkan, ia memakai blus putih dengan kancing-kancing besar dan pantalon putih besar. Terkadang, ia tampil dengan sebuah collaret dan topi




Referensi


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Campardon, Emile (1880). Les Comédiens du roi de la troupe italienne pendant les deux derniers siècles: documents inédits recueillis aux archives nationales. 2 vols. Paris: Berger-Levrault et Cie. Vols. I and II at Archive.org.
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Kellein, Thomas (1995). Pierrot: Melancholie und Maske. Munich: Prestel. ISBN 3791314351.
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Lawner, Lynne (1998). Harlequin on the moon: commedia dell'arte and the visual arts. New York: H.N. Abrams. ISBN 0-8109-1194-9.
Lesage, Alain-René, and Dorneval (1724–1737). Le Théâtre de la Foire ou l'Opéra-Comique, contenant les meilleures pièces qui ont été représentées aux Foires de S. Germain & de S. Laurent. 10 vols. Paris: Pierre Gandouin.
Maindron, Ernest (1896). Les Affiches illustrées (1886–1895). Paris: Boudet.
Margolin, Victor (1975). American poster renaissance. New York: Castle Books.
Marsh, Roger (2007a). "'A multicoloured alphabet': rediscovering Albert Giraud's Pierrot Lunaire". Twentieth-Century Music. 4 (1: March): 97–121.
Marsh, Roger (2007b). "The Translations." In booklet accompanying CDs: Roger Marsh—Albert Giraud's Pierrot lunaire, fifty rondels bergamasques. With The Hilliard Ensemble, Red Byrd, Juice, Ebor Singers & Paul Gameson director, Linda Hirst, Joe Marsh narrator. NMC Recordings: Cat. No. NMC D127.
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Merrill, Stuart, tr. (1890). Pastels in Prose. Introduction by William Dean Howells. New York: Harper & Brothers.
Mic, Constant (1927). La Commedia dell'Arte, ou le théâtre des comédiens italiens des XVIe, XVIIe & XVIIIe siècles. Paris: J. Schiffrin.
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Muñoz Fernández, Ángel (2001). Bernardo Couto Castillo. Cuentos completos. México City: Factoría Ediciones.
Nicoll, Allardyce (1931). Masks, mimes and miracles. London: Harrap & Co.
Nicoll, Allardyce (1963). The World of Harlequin: a critical study of the commedia dell'arte. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Nouveau Théâtre Italien (Le) ou Recueil général des comédies représentées par les Comédiens Italiens ordinaries du Roi (1753). 10 vols. Paris: Briasson.
Oreglia, Giacomo (1968) [1961]. The Commedia dell'Arte. Diterjemahkan oleh Edwards, Lovett F. Originally published in Italian; revised in 1964. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 9780809005451.
Palacio, Jean de (1990). Pierrot fin-de-siècle, ou, Les Métamorphoses d'un masque. Paris: Séguier. ISBN 287736089X.
Pandolfi, Vito (1957–1969). La Commedia dell’Arte, storia e testo. 6 vols. Florence: Sansoni Antiquariato.
Parfaict, François and Claude, and Godin d'Abguerbe (1767). Dictionnaire des Théâtres de Paris ... Vol. 3. Paris: Rozet.
Péricaud, Louis (1897). Le Théâtre des Funambules, ses mimes, ses acteurs et ses pantomimes ... Paris: Sapin.
Peral Vega, Emilio (2015). Pierrot/Lorca: white carnival of black desire. Woodbridge, Suffolk, Eng.: Tamesis Books. ISBN 1855662965.
Pertwee, Bill (1979). Pertwee's promenades and Pierrots: one hundred years of seaside entertainment. Newton Abbot (Eng.): Westbridge Books. ISBN 0715377949.
Piron, Alexis (1928–1931). Œuvres complètes illustrées. Pub. Pierre Dufay. 10 vols. Paris: F. Guillot.
Régnier, Gérard (2004). The great parade: portrait of the artist as clown. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300103751.
Rémy, Tristan (1954). Jean-Gaspard Deburau. Paris: L’Arche.
Rémy, Tristan (1964). George Wague: Le Mime de la Belle Epoque. Paris: Girard.
Ritter, Naomi (1989). Art as spectacle: images of the entertainer since Romanticism. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press. ISBN 0826207197.
Robert, Grace (1946). The Borzoi Book of Ballets. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Rolfe, Bari (1978). "Magic century of French mime". Mime, mask & marionette: a quarterly journal of performing arts. 1 (3: fall): 135-58.
Rudlin, John (1994). Commedia dell'Arte: an actor's handbook. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-04770-6.
Salerno, Henry F., tr. (1967). Scenarios of the Commedia dell’Arte: Flaminio Scala's Il teatro delle favole rappresentative. New York: New York University Press.
Sand, Maurice (Jean-François-Maurice-Arnauld, Baron Dudevant, called) (1915). The History of the Harlequinade [orig. Masques et bouffons. 2 vols. Paris: Michel Lévy Frères, 1860]. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Sarabia, Rosa (Fall 1987). "Dario y Lugones: dos visiones modernistas de Pierrot". Latin American Theatre Review. 21 (1): 75–83.
Sensibar, Judith L. (1984). The Origins of Faulkner's art. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0292790201.
Séverin (Séverin Cafferra, called) (1929). L’Homme Blanc: souvenirs d'un Pierrot. Introduction et notes par Gustave Fréjaville. Paris: Plon.
Starobinski, Jean (1970). Portrait de l'artiste en saltimbanque. Geneva: Skira.
Stevenson, Helen (1995). Pierrot Lunaire. London: Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-61823-X.
Storey, Robert F. (1978a). Pierrot: a critical history of a mask. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-06374-5.
Storey, Robert (Fall 1978). ""Shakespeare at the Funambules: a translation of Théophile Gautier's 'Shakspeare aux Funambules' and a commentary". Mime, mask & marionette: a quarterly journal of performing arts. 1 (3): 159–79.
Storey, Robert (1985). Pierrots on the stage of desire: nineteenth-century French literary artists and the comic pantomime. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-06628-0.
Švehla, Jaroslav (1977). "Jean Gaspard Deburau: the immortal Pierrot." Tr. Paul Wilson. Mime Journal: 5. (This journal-length article is a translated condensation of Švehla's book-length study Deburau, nieśmiertelny Pierrot [Prague: Melantrich, 1976].)
Taupin, René (1929). L'Influence du symbolisme français sur la poésie américaine (de 1910 à 1920). Paris: H. Champion.
Wague, Georges (1913). La Pantomime moderne, conférence prononcé le 19 janvier 1913, dans la salle de l'Université Populaire. Paris: Editions de l'Université Populaire.
Wilentz, Sean (2010). Bob Dylan in America. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-52988-4.




Bacaan tambahan


Baugé, Isabelle, ed. (1995). Pantomimes [par Champfleury, Gautier, Nodier et MM. Anonyme]. Paris: Cicero. ISBN 2908369176. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list (link)
Goby, Emile, ed. (1889). Pantomimes de Gaspard et Ch. Deburau. Paris: Dentu.
Hugounet, Paul (1889). Mimes et Pierrots: notes et documents inédits pour servir à l'histoire de la pantomime. Paris: Fischbacher.
Jones, Louisa E. (1984). Sad clowns and pale Pierrots: literature and the popular comic arts in 19th-century France. Lexington, KY: French Forum Publishers. ISBN 0917058488.
Larcher, Félix and Eugène, eds. (1887). Pantomimes de Paul Legrand. Paris: Librairie Théàtrale.
Sentenac, Paul. (1923). Pierrot et les artistes: mémoires de l'Ami Pierrot. Paris: Sansot, Chiberre.
Sund, Judy (2016). "Why So Sad? Watteau's Pierrots". The Art Bulletin. 98 (3): 321–47.




Pranala luar


Driant, Pénélope (2012). Maurice Farina, mime, archiviste et collectionneur (1883-1943). Unpub. Master's thesis.
Kreuiter, Allison Dorothy. (2007). Morphing moonlight: gender, masks and carnival mayhem. The figure of Pierrot in Giraud, Ensor, Dowson and Beardsley. Unpub. doc. diss., University of the Free State.
Levillain, Adele Dowling. (1945). The Evolution of Pantomime in France. Unpub. Master's Thesis, Boston University.

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