• Source: Pilot Rock, Oregon

      • Pilot Rock is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. The population was 1,502 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Pendleton–Hermiston Micropolitan Statistical Area. The main industries are timber and agriculture. Pilot Rock is home to the Boise Cascade /Kinzua Lumber lumber and pole mill as well as Pilot Rock High School. The name of Pilot Rock refers to a large basalt rock formation which is visible from the old Oregon Trail and was used in navigating wagon trains through the area.


      Geography


      According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.47 square miles (3.81 km2), of which 1.45 square miles (3.76 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.


      Climate


      According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Pilot Rock has a steppe climate, abbreviated BSk on climate maps.


      Demographics




      = 2010 census

      =
      As of the census of 2010, there were 1,502 people, 582 households, and 416 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,035.9 inhabitants per square mile (400.0/km2). There were 649 housing units at an average density of 447.6 per square mile (172.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.5% White, 1.7% Native American, 1.0% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.2% of the population.
      There were 582 households, of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.5% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 2.99.
      The median age in the city was 37.9 years. 27% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.


      = 2000 census

      =
      As of the census of 2000, there were 1,532 people, 590 households, and 454 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,968.6 inhabitants per square mile (760.1/km2). There were 630 housing units at an average density of 809.5 per square mile (312.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 94.13% White, 0.26% African American, 2.68% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.65% from other races, and 2.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.50% of the population.
      There were 590 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 2.94.
      In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.9% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.0 males.
      The median income for a household in the city was $34,766, and the median income for a family was $40,134. Males had a median income of $31,364 versus $19,792 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,666. About 6.4% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.


      References




      External links


      Entry for Pilot Rock in the Oregon Blue Book

    • Source: Pilot Rock (Oregon)

      • Pilot Rock is a prominent volcanic plug located in the western Cascade Range near the east end of the Siskiyou Mountains, just east of the Siskiyou Summit near Ashland, Oregon. Rising thousands of feet above the Shasta and Rogue valleys, it is a landmark distinguishable from over 40 miles (64 km) away. At 25.6 million years old, it is one of the oldest formations of the Cascade Range. The rock is protected by the Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument and the Soda Mountain Wilderness. Several trails pass near Pilot Rock, including the Pacific Crest Trail.


      Geology


      Rising 570 feet (170 m) above the surrounding hills and thousands of feet above the Shasta and Rogue valleys, Pilot Rock is one of the most prominent features of the Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument. It was created when andesitic magma broke through a weak spot in the Earth's crust and solidified beneath the surface, forming a plug. The softer rock around the plug slowly eroded away, leaving Pilot Rock as it is seen today. Similar features include Devils Tower in Wyoming and Shiprock in New Mexico. Argon–argon dating shows that the rock is approximately 25.6 million years old, making it one of the oldest volcanic formations in the Cascades, but much younger than the 425 million-year-old Siskiyou Mountains nearby.
      Pilot Rock has a large amount of columnar jointing, created when the magma cooled. The joints are tilted about 20 degrees to the east due to the gradual uplift of the Siskiyou Mountains to the west. The rock also has an unusually high amount of black hornblende crystals, indicating that there was a significant amount of water in the area when it formed. Extensive talus deposits have accumulated around the rock's base. The surrounding soil is primarily the sticky, eroded remnants of volcaniclastic breccia.


      History


      The Takelma tribe of Native Americans originally called the rock Tan-ts'at-seniphtha (stone standing up), but to early settlers Pilot Rock was known as Boundary Mountain. The United States Exploring Expedition passed through the area on September 28, 1841, renaming the rock Emmons Peak after Lieutenant George F. Emmons, a U.S. naval officer and member of the group. Emmons described the rock as "a singular, isolated rock, which stands like a tower on the top of the ridge, rising above the surrounding forest with a bare and apparently unbroken surface." James Clyman also described the rock when he passed through the area on June 26, 1845. The rock later become known as Pilot Rock because it served as a landmark for pioneers coming north from California on the Applegate Trail, being visible from as far as the southern end of the Shasta Valley, over 40 miles (64 km) to the south.
      Nine planes have crashed into Pilot Rock since 1942, mainly due to poor visibility.
      Pilot Rock is protected by the Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument, created in 2000, and the Soda Mountain Wilderness, created in 2009.


      Flora


      Pilot Rock is located in the eastern Klamath Mountains ecoregion and is surrounded by dense mixed coniferous forest. Wildflowers such as wild strawberries, larkspur, columbine, lupine, and paintbrush grow in the spring and summer. Gentner's fritillary, a rare species of the lily family, has been found growing on and near the rock.


      Trails



      There are several trails near Pilot Rock which can be accessed via a forest road that ends at a parking lot approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of the rock. The main trail, part of the Pacific Crest Trail, travels southeast towards the rock for about 1⁄5 mile (0.32 km), before branching into two trails. The left branch is the northbound continuation of the Pacific Crest Trail, while the right fork is the summit trail. The steep summit trail is about 1 mile (1.6 km) long, and gains approximately 808 feet (246 m) in elevation. At the summit, there are views of landmarks such as Mount Shasta, the Trinity Alps, and Mount McLoughlin.


      See also



      Roxy Ann Peak
      Upper and Lower Table Rock


      References

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